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Iodinated Contrast-Induced Thyroid Storm With Concomitant Cardiac Tamponade: A Case Report.

Tasnuva Amin¹, Christopher P Austin², Ndausung Udongwo¹

¹Internal Medicine, Jersey Shore University Medical Center, Neptune, USA.

|September 22, 2022

Summary

Thyroid storm, a severe thyrotoxicosis complication, can present with non-specific symptoms. This case highlights pericardial effusion in iodine-induced hyperthyroidism, emphasizing the need for awareness in both hypo- and hyperthyroid states.

Keywords:

contrast-induced thyroid disorders graves´disease hyperthyroidism jod-basedow thyroid-storm

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Area of Science:

Endocrinology
Cardiology

Background:

Thyroid storm is a critical manifestation of thyrotoxicosis.
The Burch-Wartofsky Point Scale aids in diagnosing thyroid storm due to non-specific symptoms.
Pericardial effusion is a known complication of hypothyroidism, potentially leading to cardiac tamponade.

Observation:

Literature indicates a rise in pericardial effusion cases linked to thyrotoxicosis.
This report details a case of iodine contrast-induced Jod-Basedow thyrotoxicosis.
The patient, a 29-year-old with Graves' disease, developed pericardial effusion.

Findings:

Pericardial effusion can occur in both hyperthyroid and hypothyroid states.
Iodine contrast administration precipitated Jod-Basedow thyrotoxicosis in a patient with pre-existing Graves' disease.
The patient's pericardial effusion necessitated a thyroidectomy.

Implications:

Clinicians must consider pericardial effusion in patients with both hypo- and hyperthyroid conditions.
Awareness of thyroid dysfunction's cardiac sequelae is crucial for timely diagnosis and management.
This case underscores the importance of evaluating cardiac complications in exacerbated thyroid disease.