Skeletal muscle ventricles in circulation. One to eleven weeks' experience

Skeletal muscle ventricles were constructed from canine latissimus dorsi and connected to the thoracic aorta in six dogs. These ventricles were stimulated to contract synchronously during diastole. The skeletal muscle ventricles were capable of continuous stroke work when placed within the arterial circulation for several weeks. Effective synchronous diastolic counterpulsation was produced. These results demonstrate that diastolic counterpulsators can be constructed from skeletal muscle and in the future may provide a feasible therapeutic alternative for the treatment of end-stage cardiac failure.