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Related Concept Videos

Language Development01:22

Language Development

434
Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
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The Nativist Approach01:21

The Nativist Approach

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The nativist approach to infant cognitive development proposes that infants are born with inherent knowledge structures that allow them to interpret the world almost immediately. This perspective contrasts with earlier developmental theories, such as those proposed by Jean Piaget, which emphasized a more gradual acquisition of cognitive abilities through interaction with the environment. One key concept in this approach is object permanence — the understanding that objects continue to...
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Infant selective attention to native and non-native audiovisual speech.

Kelly C Roth1,2, Kenna R H Clayton1, Greg D Reynolds3

  • 1Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Psychology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA.

Scientific Reports
|September 22, 2022
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Summary

Infants pay more attention to infant-directed speech. Redundant audiovisual speech aids infant detection of prosody changes, especially in native language, showing complex speech processing.

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Psychology
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Linguistics

Background:

  • Infant speech perception is crucial for language acquisition.
  • Audiovisual speech processing integrates auditory and visual cues.
  • Intersensory redundancy enhances perceptual learning in infants.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how intersensory redundancy and language affect infant visual attention.
  • To examine infant detection of prosody changes in audiovisual speech.
  • To understand the interplay of native language and prosody in early speech processing.

Main Methods:

  • Eye-tracking was used with 12-month-old infants.
  • Infants viewed synchronous (redundant) or asynchronous (non-redundant) audiovisual speech.
  • Speech varied in language (native/non-native) and prosody (infant-directed/adult-directed).

Main Results:

  • Infants focused more on the mouth during infant-directed speech (IDS) versus adult-directed speech (ADS).
  • Infants better detected prosody changes from IDS to ADS in native language.
  • Redundant stimuli facilitated prosody change detection across more conditions.

Conclusions:

  • Infant attention is modulated by prosody, with a preference for IDS.
  • Intersensory redundancy supports infants' detection of speech modifications.
  • Early audiovisual speech processing is influenced by language familiarity and prosodic cues.