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Does Executive Function Training Impact on Communication? A Randomized Controlled tDCS Study on Post-Stroke Aphasia.

Francesca Pisano1, Alessio Manfredini1, Andrea Castellano2

  • 1Department of Humanities Studies, University Federico II, 80133 Naples, Italy.

Brain Sciences
|September 23, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) combined with executive function training significantly improved communication and cognitive abilities in individuals with severe aphasia. These benefits for executive functions and functional communication persisted one month post-intervention.

Keywords:
aphasiaexecutive functionsfunctional communicationneuromodulationtDCS

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Rehabilitation
  • Speech-Language Pathology

Background:

  • Executive functions (EFs) are critical for language recovery in aphasia, particularly for severe cases.
  • EFs encompass higher-order cognitive skills like planning and problem-solving, vital for adaptive communication.
  • Previous research highlights the link between EFs and functional communication in aphasia rehabilitation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the efficacy of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) combined with executive function training in severe aphasia.
  • To assess the impact of this combined intervention on executive functions and functional communication.
  • To determine the persistence of treatment effects one month after the intervention.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized, double-blind, crossover study involving twenty chronic individuals with severe aphasia (PWSA).
  • Participants received ten days of tDCS (2 mA for 20 min) under anodal and sham conditions.
  • Cognitive training targeted executive functions: alertness, selective attention, visuo-spatial working memory, and planning.

Main Results:

  • Anodal tDCS led to significant improvements in selective attention, visuo-spatial working memory, and planning compared to sham.
  • These cognitive improvements were sustained one month after the intervention.
  • Significant enhancements were observed in functional communication (Communication Activities of Daily Living Scale), naming, comprehension, and executive function abilities.

Conclusions:

  • tDCS over the right DLPFC, when paired with executive function training, effectively enhances functional communication in severe aphasia.
  • This combined approach offers a novel therapeutic strategy for improving language and cognitive deficits in PWSA.
  • The findings underscore the importance of targeting executive functions in aphasia rehabilitation for sustained functional gains.