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Syringomyelia: electrophysiologic aspects.

M Veilleux, J C Stevens

    Muscle & Nerve
    |June 1, 1987
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This study details clinical and EMG findings in 44 syringomyelia patients. Electromyography and somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) revealed common nerve conduction abnormalities, particularly in hand muscles.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neurology
    • Clinical Electrophysiology

    Background:

    • Syringomyelia is a neurological condition characterized by a fluid-filled cyst (syrinx) within the spinal cord.
    • Clinical manifestations vary, often including sensory disturbances and motor deficits.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To present the clinical and electromyography (EMG) findings in patients diagnosed with syringomyelia.
    • To evaluate the utility of somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) in assessing neurological deficits associated with cervical syrinxes.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective review of 44 patients with cervical syringomyelia seen at the Mayo Clinic (1976-1985).
    • Clinical examination, nerve conduction studies (NCS), needle electromyography (EMG), and somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) were performed.
    • Analysis of radiographic or surgical evidence of a cervical syrinx.

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    Main Results:

    • The most frequent NCS abnormality was reduced hypothenar compound muscle action potential amplitude (23 patients).
    • Needle EMG showed abnormalities in 33 patients, including fibrillation potentials, reduced motor unit potential (MUP) recruitment, and chronic neurogenic MUP changes, most pronounced in small hand muscles.
    • Ulnar and median nerve SEPs were often normal with dissociated sensory loss but abnormal with impaired all sensory modalities. Tibial nerve SEPs were frequently abnormal, correlating with proprioceptive deficits.

    Conclusions:

    • EMG and NCS are valuable in diagnosing and characterizing the neurological impact of syringomyelia.
    • SEP findings correlate with the extent and type of sensory impairment in patients with cervical syrinxes.
    • Syringomyelia commonly affects nerve conduction and EMG parameters, particularly impacting hand muscles and sensory pathways.