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Using High-Definition Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation to Treat Patients with Fibromyalgia: A Randomized

Ashleigh Peng Lin1, Chun-Chieh Chiu2,3, Shih-Ching Chen1,2

  • 1Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan.

Life (Basel, Switzerland)
|September 23, 2022
PubMed
Summary

High-definition transcranial alternating current stimulation (HD-tACS) showed potential for improving fibromyalgia symptoms, including pain and quality of life. However, no significant differences were found compared to sham stimulation in this trial.

Keywords:
fibromyalgiahigh-definitionneuromodulationpainquality of lifetranscranial stimulation

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neuromodulation
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Fibromyalgia (FM) is a chronic condition characterized by widespread pain and significant quality of life impairment.
  • Current treatments for FM offer limited efficacy, necessitating novel therapeutic approaches.
  • Non-invasive brain stimulation techniques are emerging as potential interventions for chronic pain conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the safety and efficacy of high-definition transcranial alternating current stimulation (HD-tACS) targeting the left primary motor cortex (M1) in patients with fibromyalgia.
  • To assess the impact of HD-tACS on pain intensity, quality of life, and other core FM symptoms.
  • To explore potential changes in relevant biomarkers following HD-tACS treatment.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled trial involving 38 fibromyalgia patients.
  • Patients received either active HD-tACS (1 mA, 20 min daily for 10 sessions over two weeks) or sham stimulation.
  • Primary outcomes included changes in pain (Numeric Rating Scale) and fibromyalgia impact (Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire) at two weeks.

Main Results:

  • HD-tACS treatment led to a significant reduction in Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire scores post-treatment.
  • No statistically significant differences in pain intensity (Numeric Rating Scale) or Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire scores were observed between the active HD-tACS and sham groups.
  • While most adverse events were mild, one patient in the active group experienced a suicide attempt.

Conclusions:

  • HD-tACS may offer potential benefits for reducing pain, psychological distress, and overall symptom burden in fibromyalgia patients.
  • Despite observed improvements in some measures, the study did not find significant differences compared to sham stimulation.
  • Further research is warranted to explore the therapeutic potential and optimize the application of HD-tACS for fibromyalgia management.