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New Compact Antenna Array for MIMO Internet of Things Applications.

Wazie M Abdulkawi1,2, Mohammed A Alqaisei1, Abdel-Fattah A Sheta1

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Summary

A novel communication system enhances Internet of Things (IoT) connectivity in desert regions using a specialized six-element antenna array and adaptive beamforming. This system achieves extended coverage and improved signal quality for remote applications.

Keywords:
DOA estimationInternet of Things (IoT)MVDR beamformingchannel capacity loss (CCL)multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antennaregional area network

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Area of Science:

  • Electrical Engineering
  • Wireless Communication
  • Antenna Design

Background:

  • Internet of Things (IoT) applications require robust communication systems, especially in remote areas like deserts.
  • Existing regional area network solutions face challenges with extended coverage and signal reliability in harsh environments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and analyze a communication system for IoT in desert areas with extended network coverage.
  • To optimize a six-element antenna array for size, element coupling, and radiation efficiency at 2.45 GHz.
  • To implement adaptive beamforming for interference suppression and signal enhancement.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a six-element antenna array optimized for reduced size and element coupling (< -20 dB).
  • Employed Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) for diversity gain and spectral efficiency analysis.
  • Utilized root MUSIC algorithm for Direction of Arrival (DOA) estimation and Minimum Variance Distortionless Response (MVDR) for beamforming.
  • Evaluated antenna performance including radiation efficiency (>65%), Envelope Correlation Coefficient (ECC) (<0.013), Mean Effective Gain (MEG) (>1 dB), Diversity Gain (>9.9 dB), and Channel Capacity Loss (CCL) (<0.4 bits/s/Hz).

Main Results:

  • The antenna array demonstrated high radiation efficiency (>65% bandwidth, peak 73% at 2.45 GHz).
  • MIMO analysis confirmed significant diversity gain and spectral efficiency.
  • Adaptive beamforming effectively suppressed interference, enhancing the Signal-to-Interference Noise Ratio (SINR).
  • The system achieved data rates >50 kbps over 100 km with limited power signals.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed communication system, integrating a specialized antenna array and adaptive beamforming, is highly effective for IoT in desert environments.
  • The system provides extended coverage, improved signal quality, and reliable data transmission over long distances.
  • This solution addresses critical communication needs for remote IoT deployments.