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Iodine deficiency and thyroid dysfunction: Current scenario in Nepal.

Saral Lamichhane1, Surya Kiran Acharya2, Prakriti Lamichhane3

  • 1Shishuwa Hospital, Pokhara, Nepal.

Annals of Medicine and Surgery (2012)
|September 23, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Nepal successfully reduced iodine deficiency disorders through salt iodization. However, excess iodine is now a growing concern, leading to increased thyroid dysfunction and hyperthyroidism, necessitating a review of iodization standards.

Keywords:
GoiterHyperthyroidismHypothyroidismIodine

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Public Health
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Iodine deficiency historically caused widespread thyroid disorders in Nepal, part of the 'Himalayan goiter belt'.
  • Nepal implemented universal salt iodization (USI) as a public health strategy to combat iodine deficiency disorders (IDDs).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the impact of universal salt iodization in Nepal.
  • To address the emerging challenge of excess iodine intake and its consequences on thyroid health.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of historical and current data on iodine intake and thyroid disorder prevalence in Nepal.
  • Evaluation of the effectiveness of the universal salt iodization program.

Main Results:

  • The universal salt iodization program has been highly successful in reducing iodine deficiency disorders in Nepal.
  • There is a concerning rise in excess iodine states and thyroid dysfunction, particularly hyperthyroidism.

Conclusions:

  • While successful in combating deficiency, Nepal's salt iodization strategy requires re-evaluation due to increasing iodine excess.
  • Coordinated efforts are needed to manage rising thyroid dysfunction and sustain optimal iodine levels.