Cardiotoxicity Associated With Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR)-T Cell Therapy for Hematologic Malignancies: A...

Area of Science:

• Hematology
• Oncology
• Cardiology

Background:

• Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy represents a significant advancement in treating hematologic malignancies.
• However, CAR-T therapy is associated with various toxicities, including potentially serious cardiotoxicity.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically review and elaborate on the cardiotoxicities associated with CAR-T cell therapy in patients with hematologic malignancies.
• To identify risk factors contributing to cardiac adverse events following CAR-T cell therapy.

Main Methods:

• A systematic literature search was conducted across multiple databases (PubMed, PMC, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, ScienceDirect, clinicaltrial.gov) up to May 2022.
• Studies were selected based on PRISMA 2020 guidelines, focusing on full-text articles from the last ten years, clinical trials, meta-analyses, and reviews concerning hematologic malignancies.
• Eight publications were selected after assessment using SANRA, NCOS, and CCRBT tools.

Main Results:

• Cardiotoxicity was observed in both adult and pediatric patients undergoing CAR-T cell therapy.
• Multiple risk factors were identified that contribute to the occurrence of cardiac adverse events.

Conclusions:

• CAR-T cell therapy, while effective for hematologic cancers, poses a risk of cardiotoxicity in diverse patient populations.
• Close monitoring for cardiac adverse events and understanding associated risk factors are essential for managing patients receiving CAR-T cell therapy.