Magnetic resonance urography: a practical approach to preparation, protocol and interpretation

Area of Science:

• Radiology
• Pediatric Imaging
• Medical Imaging Techniques

Background:

• Magnetic resonance urography (MRU) is a key MRI application for noninvasive kidney and urinary tract assessment.
• It is particularly useful for evaluating congenital anomalies presenting as urinary tract dilation in children.
• MRU provides high tissue contrast and spatial resolution without ionizing radiation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To present a simple, practical approach to pediatric MRU acquisition and interpretation.
• To guide clinicians in utilizing MRU for diagnosing congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract in children.
• To share insights based on clinical cases and authors' experience.

Main Methods:

• The review outlines patient preparation, including intravenous hydration, urinary catheterization, and diuretic administration.
• The imaging protocol emphasizes T2-weighted sequences for anatomy and dynamic post-contrast sequences for function.
• Quantitative and graphic results, such as contrast transit/excretion times and differential renal function, are generated.

Main Results:

• MRU enables comprehensive morphological and functional evaluation of the pediatric urinary system.
• The described approach facilitates accurate diagnosis of urinary tract dilation and congenital anomalies.
• Quantitative data aids in assessing renal function and transit times.

Conclusions:

• Pediatric MRU is a valuable, radiation-free tool for evaluating congenital urinary tract anomalies.
• A standardized, simple approach to acquisition and interpretation enhances diagnostic accuracy.
• MRU provides essential functional and morphological data for pediatric urogenital assessment.