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Does primary trauma lead to developmental defects in permanent teeth?
Rebecca Gibbison1, Rebecca Crozier1
1Trust Grade Dental Practitioner, School of Dental Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK. Newcastle upon Tyne Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
Evidence-Based Dentistry
|September 23, 2022
Summary
Trauma to primary teeth, especially intrusion injuries in young children, frequently leads to enamel defects in permanent teeth. Younger patients are more susceptible to these developmental alterations.
Area of Science:
- Dentistry
- Developmental Biology
- Pediatric Medicine
Background:
- Dental trauma in primary teeth is common.
- Potential long-term effects on permanent dentition require investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review evidence on whether primary dentition trauma affects permanent tooth development.
- To identify specific trauma types and patient ages associated with sequelae.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of six electronic databases (1972-2020).
- Inclusion of high-quality studies (minimum 50 children, radiographic exam, adequate follow-up).
- Data extraction and synthesis using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.
Main Results:
- Seven high-quality studies were included.
- Enamel defects (hypoplasia, hypocalcification) were the most common sequelae (4.5-68.8% prevalence).
- Primary tooth intrusion trauma, particularly in children aged four and under, was linked to a higher frequency of permanent tooth defects.
Conclusions:
- Primary tooth intrusion trauma is a significant cause of permanent tooth enamel defects.
- Younger age at the time of primary tooth trauma increases the risk of damage to the succeeding permanent dentition.
- Evidence quality is limited by the observational nature of included studies.
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