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Related Concept Videos

Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System I:Echocardiography01:17

Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System I:Echocardiography

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Cardiac imaging studies encompass a wide range of noninvasive and minimally invasive techniques designed to visualize the heart's structure and function in detail. One such technique is echocardiography, which uses high-frequency ultrasound waves to produce detailed images of the heart, known as echocardiograms.
Indications: Echocardiography is utilized to diagnose heart failure, valve disorders, and myocardial infarction. It also assesses cardiac structures' size, shape, and motion,...
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Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System II:Types of Echocardiography01:20

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Echocardiography plays a role in assessing cardiac health and detecting heart conditions, with various types providing critical insights for diagnosis and treatment.
Types of Echocardiography
Transthoracic Echocardiography (TTE)
TTE is the most common type of echocardiogram which involves placing a transducer on the patient's chest, emitting sound waves to create heart images. TTE is invaluable for evaluating the heart's size, structure, and motion, making it particularly useful for...
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Acute Coronary Syndrome III: Diagnostic Studies01:30

Acute Coronary Syndrome III: Diagnostic Studies

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Diagnosing acute coronary syndrome or ACS begins with a thorough patient history. Notable symptoms include central, crushing chest pain radiating to the left arm, neck, jaw, or back, along with shortness of breath, sweating (diaphoresis), nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and palpitations.It is crucial to note any history of cardiac illnesses and assess risk factors, including age, gender, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and a sedentary lifestyle.During physical examination, vital...
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Cardiac Catheterization I: Pre-Procedure Overview01:28

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Cardiac catheterization is an invasive diagnostic technique used to identify and evaluate structural and functional diseases of the heart and major blood vessels. This technique diagnoses congenital heart disease, coronary artery disease, valvular heart disease, and coronary spasms and assesses ventricular function. It helps guide treatment decisions, including the need for revascularization procedures like percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and...
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Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System V: CT01:28

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Cardiac computed tomography (CT) scanning is an advanced cardiac imaging technique that utilizes CT technology, with or without intravenous (IV) contrast, to produce accurate cross-sectional virtual slices of specific areas of the heart, coronary circulation, and major blood vessels such as the aorta, pulmonary veins, and arteries. The computer processes these slices to generate three-dimensional images. Multidetector CT (MDCT) is a rapid form of CT scanning that captures multiple slices...
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Cardiac Catheterization II: Right Heart Catheterization01:21

Cardiac Catheterization II: Right Heart Catheterization

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Right Heart Catheterization: An OverviewRight heart catheterization is an invasive diagnostic procedure that measures right-sided cardiac and pulmonary artery pressures, calculates cardiac output, and identifies intracardiac shunts. It provides detailed hemodynamic data essential for diagnosing and managing various cardiovascular conditions, such as pulmonary hypertension.Access SitesCommon access sites for right heart catheterization include the internal jugular vein in the neck region, the...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 27, 2025

Echocardiographic Evaluation of Atrial Communications before Transcatheter Closure
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Intracardiac echocardiography from coronary sinus.

Jalaj Garg1, Jakrin Kewcharoen1, Rahul Bhardwaj1

  • 1Division of Cardiology, Cardiac Arrhythmia Service, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, California, USA.

Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology
|September 25, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Coronary sinus echocardiography (CSE) provides stable, high-quality cardiac imaging, especially for the left atrium and ventricle. This technique offers an excellent alternative when standard intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) approaches are challenging.

Keywords:
ICEcoronary sinusintracardiac echocardiogram

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) is crucial for percutaneous interventions and electrophysiology (EP) procedures.
  • Standard ICE involves catheter placement in the right atrium, right ventricle, or left atrium via transseptal puncture.
  • ICE provides real-time, high-quality, near-field cardiac anatomy evaluation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide illustration-based guidance on identifying critical cardiac structures using coronary sinus echocardiography (CSE).
  • To highlight CSE as an alternative ICE approach, particularly in challenging anatomical scenarios.

Main Methods:

  • Positioning the ICE catheter within the coronary sinus (CS) for imaging.
  • Utilizing CSE to visualize cardiac structures, including the left atrium (LA), left atrial appendage (LAA), left ventricle (LV), and mitral annulus.
  • Comparing CSE advantages over standard ICE in specific patient populations.

Main Results:

  • CSE offers enhanced catheter stability compared to standard ICE.
  • CSE provides superior visualization of the LA, LAA, LV, and mitral annulus.
  • CSE is advantageous when interatrial septum anatomy impedes standard transseptal ICE catheter advancement.

Conclusions:

  • CSE is a valuable alternative ICE technique offering distinct anatomical views.
  • CSE can overcome limitations associated with standard ICE in certain patients.
  • Illustration-based guidance can improve operator proficiency in CSE for critical cardiac structure identification.