Modeling and simulation analysis of vehicle pollution and carbon reduction management model based on system dynamics

The vehicle exhaust pollution has become an important source of air pollutant and CO₂ emissions, with the continuous growth of the number of vehicles. Focusing on the increasingly serious problems of vehicle exhaust pollution and CO₂ emissions, a management model of vehicle pollution reduction and carbon reduction was established by using system dynamics. Taking Beijing as the case study city, different emission reduction scenarios were designed. Different scenarios are analyzed, and the results reveal the following: (1) Although the carbon tax policy for motor vehicles can play a role in vehicle pollution reduction and carbon reduction to a certain extent, but as the simulation time goes on, the policy effect is gradually weakened. The emission reduction effect of new energy vehicle promotion policy is not significant, and there is a "lag effect" and a "seesaw effect." (2) The science and technology policy has multiple effects of environmental, economic, and health. It can significantly reduce vehicle pollution and carbon emissions, and achieve the peak carbon by 2030. (3) It is not that more policies are better for CO₂ emission reduction, and there is a "crowding out effect" in the CS. (4) From the perspectives of long term, the science and technology policy is a more effective way to achieve the co-control of CO₂ and PM_2.5 and achieve the carbon peaking goal compared with other emission reduction scenarios. These results can provide reference for relevant departments to formulate emission reduction policies and realize the management of motor vehicle pollution reduction and carbon reduction.