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Updated: Aug 27, 2025
Standardized Hemorrhagic Shock Induction Guided by Cerebral Oximetry and Extended Hemodynamic Monitoring in Pigs
Published on: May 21, 2019
Bleeding, Hemorrhagic Shock, and the Global Blood Supply
Isabella Faria1, Neil Thivalapill2, Jennifer Makin3
1Program in Global Surgery and Social Change, Harvard Medical School, 641 Hungtington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 190 Avenida Professor Alfredo Balena, Belo Horizonte, MG 31130450, Brazil.
Abstract:
Hemorrhage is responsible for at least 40% of deaths after trauma and 27% of maternal deaths worldwide. Patients with hemorrhagic shock require attentive critical care and transfusion of blood products. Access to a safe and affordable blood supply is critical to providing safe surgical care. Traumatic injury, obstetric hemorrhage, and upper gastrointestinal bleed are the main causes of severe bleeding requiring transfusion. This article discusses the presentation and management of these causes across the world and provides a brief overview of the current challenges in maintaining a global blood supply.
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