Desulfofustis limnaeus sp. nov., a freshwater sulfate-reducing bacterium isolated from marsh soil

A novel sulfate-reducing bacterium, strain PPLL^T, was isolated from marsh soil. Cells of strain PPLL^T were rod-shaped with length of 1.5 μm and width of 0.7 μm. Growth was observed at 22-37 °C (optimum 35 °C) and pH 6.8-8.4 (optimum 7.3). Lactate, succinate, fumarate, formate and malate were utilized as electron donors for sulfate reduction. Fermentative growth was not observed on tested organic acids. Besides sulfate, sulfite, thiosulfate and elemental sulfur were utilized as electron acceptors. Hydrogen is used only in the presence acetate or yeast extract. The major fatty acid was C_16:0. The complete genome of strain PPLL^T was composed of a circular chromosome with length of 4.2 Mbp and G + C content of 57.7 mol%. Sequence analysis of the 16S rRNA gene showed that strain PPLL^T was affiliated with the genus Desulfofustis in the family Desulfocapsaceae. On the basis of differences in the phylogenetic and phenotypic properties between the strain and the type strain of the genus Desulfofustis, strain PPLL^T (DSM 110475^T = JCM 39161^T) is proposed as the type strain of a new species, with name of Desulfofustis limnaeus sp. nov.