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The microglia-blood vessel interactions in the developing brain.

Yuki Hattori1

  • 1Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan.

Neuroscience Research
|September 27, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Microglia, the CNS immune cells, interact with blood vessels during development. Their combined dysfunction can lead to central nervous system developmental disorders.

Keywords:
Blood vesselBlood–brain barrierBrain developmentCortexDeveloping brainEndothelial cellMicrogliaPericyte

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Biology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Microglia are the primary immune cells of the central nervous system (CNS).
  • During development, microglial progenitors migrate and proliferate to colonize CNS structures.
  • Microglia interact with neural cells and blood vessels, influencing neural development and vascular integrity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advances in understanding microglia-blood vessel interactions during CNS development.
  • To highlight the role of these interactions in normal development.
  • To discuss the implications of their dysfunction in developmental disorders.

Main Methods:

  • This review synthesizes findings from existing literature.
  • Focuses on studies investigating microglia-vascular cell communication.
  • Examines the role of pericytes in modulating microglial function.

Main Results:

  • Microglia regulate neural progenitor differentiation and neuronal positioning.
  • Microglia support blood vessel formation and integrity.
  • Blood vessels are crucial for microglial CNS colonization and migration.

Conclusions:

  • The interaction between microglia and blood vessels is critical for proper CNS development.
  • Dysfunction in either microglia or blood vessels, including pericyte involvement, can contribute to developmental disorders of the CNS.