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FOXD1-mTOR Signaling Pathway on Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Its Inhibition by Rosemary Extract (Invitro-Study)

Yasmine Alaa El-Din1, Dina Sabry2,3, Sahar H Ahmed4

  • 1Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, October 6 University, Cairo, Egypt.

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention : APJCP
|September 29, 2022
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Rosemary extract (RE) significantly reduces oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) growth by decreasing FOXD1 gene expression and inhibiting autophagy via mTOR/LC3 pathways. This suggests RE

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Natural Product Chemistry

Background:

  • The role of FOXD1 gene expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is largely unknown.
  • Investigating natural compounds for anticancer properties is crucial for developing new therapeutic strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the anticancer effects of Rosemary Extract (RE) on OSCC.
  • To determine the impact of RE on FOXD1 gene expression in OSCC.
  • To explore the mechanisms of RE's action, including autophagy and apoptosis.

Main Methods:

  • Quantitative PCR was used to measure FOXD1 gene expression.
  • Cell viability was assessed using MTT assay.
  • Western blot analysis was performed to evaluate autophagy markers (mTOR, LC3 I/II) and apoptosis.
  • Antioxidant activity was measured by lipid peroxidation (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels.

Main Results:

  • Rosemary Extract significantly decreased FOXD1 gene expression in OSCC cells (p < 0.001).
  • RE treatment led to a significant reduction in mTOR and LC3 I/II protein levels, indicating autophagy inhibition (p < 0.001).
  • RE demonstrated cytotoxic effects and modulated apoptosis markers.

Conclusions:

  • FOXD1 may serve as a diagnostic biomarker for OSCC.
  • Rosemary Extract inhibits autophagy in oral cancer cells through mTOR/LC3-dependent pathways.
  • RE exhibits anticancer potential by affecting autophagy and apoptosis in OSCC.
Keywords:
ApoptosisFOXD1Rosemary extractmTOR/LC3I/IIoral squamous cell carcinoma

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