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Somatosensation

Somatosensation

The somatosensory system relays sensory information from the skin, mucous membranes, limbs, and joints. Somatosensation is more familiarly known as the sense of touch. A typical somatosensory pathway includes three types of long neurons: primary, secondary, and tertiary. Primary neurons have cell bodies located near the spinal cord in groups of neurons called dorsal root ganglia. The sensory neurons of ganglia innervate designated areas of skin called dermatomes.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 27, 2025

A Simple Non-invasive Method for Temporary Knockdown of Upper Limb Proprioception

A Simple Non-invasive Method for Temporary Knockdown of Upper Limb Proprioception

Published on: March 3, 2018

Scalp-Targeted Haptic Proprioception for Upper-Limb Prosthetics.

Marco Gallone, Michael D Naish

IEEE ... International Conference on Rehabilitation Robotics : [Proceedings]

|September 30, 2022

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study developed a head-worn wearable haptic feedback device (WHFD) to convey sensory information for upper-limb prosthesis users. Findings show participants learned to interpret haptic feedback, improving sensory awareness.

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Last Updated: Aug 27, 2025

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Area of Science:

Biomedical Engineering
Neuroscience
Rehabilitation Technology

Background:

Upper-limb prostheses often lack sensory feedback, hindering user embodiment and control.
Restoring proprioception is crucial for intuitive prosthesis use and improved functional outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and evaluate a head-worn wearable haptic feedback device (WHFD) for communicating prosthesis-related sensory information.
To investigate the learning trajectory of interpreting haptic patterns conveying joint proprioception.

Main Methods:

A 14-week, 6-stage study involving 18 healthy participants divided into three groups.
Each group received different haptic stimulation methods to convey joint proprioception.
Participants attended 7-14 weekly sessions to assess learning and interpretation of haptic signals.

Main Results:

Participants demonstrated learning to interpret the haptic information provided by the WHFD.
The spatiotemporal stimulation group showed advantages in interpreting haptic information compared to other groups.
Each tested haptic stimulation method exhibited unique benefits for potential hybridization.

Conclusions:

The developed WHFD is an effective, non-invasive tool for enhancing sensory awareness in prosthesis wearers.
The findings support the potential of haptic feedback devices to improve the user experience and functionality of upper-limb prostheses.
Further research can explore hybrid stimulation approaches for optimized WHFD performance.