Case report: Right ventricular outflow tract obstruction caused by multicomponent mesenchymal tumor

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Oncology
• Pathology

Background:

• Right ventricular outflow tract obstruction (RVOTO) can cause hemodynamic instability and right ventricular dysfunction.
• Cardiac tumors are a potential cause of RVOTO, impacting cardiac function and structure.

Observation:

• A 21-year-old male presented with palpitations due to RVOTO.
• The obstruction was caused by a rare cardiac multicomponent mesenchymal tumor located in the right ventricular outflow tract.
• The tumor led to right-sided heart enlargement and tricuspid regurgitation.

Findings:

• Surgical resection of the tumor was performed, leading to the patient's stable condition and discharge.
• Histopathology revealed a three-component mesenchymal tumor with mucinous, vascular, and fibrous elements, resembling atypical capillary hemangioma.
• Seven-year follow-up showed no signs of right heart enlargement, tricuspid regurgitation, or tumor recurrence.

Implications:

• Surgical treatment appears effective for RVOTO caused by this type of cardiac tumor.
• This case provides valuable insights for clinicians managing similar rare three-component mesenchymal cardiac tumors.
• Early diagnosis and surgical intervention are crucial for favorable outcomes and prognosis evaluation.