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Related Concept Videos

Frequency-dependent Selection01:21

Frequency-dependent Selection

22.2K
When the fitness of a trait is influenced by how common it is (i.e., its frequency) relative to different traits within a population, this is referred to as frequency-dependent selection. Frequency-dependent selection may occur between species or within a single species. This type of selection can either be positive—with more common phenotypes having higher fitness—or negative, with rarer phenotypes conferring increased fitness.
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Types of Selection01:46

Types of Selection

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Natural selection influences the frequencies of particular alleles and phenotypes within populations in several different ways. Primarily, natural selection can be directional, stabilizing, or disruptive. Directional selection favors one extreme trait and shifts the population towards that phenotype while selecting against individuals displaying alternate traits. Stabilizing selection favors an intermediate trait with a narrow range of variation. Deviation from the optimal phenotype towards an...
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Mate Choice01:20

Mate Choice

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Mate choice—the decision about whom to mate with—is a type of natural selection, since animals must reproduce to pass down their genes. Mate choice is also called intersexual selection because the behavior occurs between the sexes.
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High-resolution Measurement of Odor-Driven Behavior in Drosophila Larvae
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Measuring, comparing and interpreting phenotypic selection on floral scent.

Øystein H Opedal1, Karin Gross2, Elodie Chapurlat3,4

  • 1Biodiversity Unit, Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.

Journal of Evolutionary Biology
|September 30, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Floral scent evolution is driven by pollinators. This study developed a new method to analyze complex scent data, finding scent selection is common and strong, similar to other pollinator-attracting traits.

Keywords:
floral fragrancefloral scentnatural selectionplant-pollinator interactionsreduced-rank regressionselection gradient

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary biology
  • Plant-animal interactions
  • Chemical ecology

Background:

  • Pollinators are hypothesized to drive floral scent evolution.
  • Analyzing high-dimensional floral scent data and understanding pollinator cognition pose challenges for measuring natural selection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and apply a novel statistical approach for estimating selection on floral scent composition.
  • To compare the strength and variability of selection on floral scent across species, time, and space.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized dimension reduction via reduced-rank regression to jointly estimate a composite scent trait and selection strength.
  • Reanalyzed 22 existing datasets from six species across four previous studies.

Main Results:

  • The new method qualitatively agreed with previous analyses in identifying populations and scent compounds under selection.
  • Floral scent selection was found to be highly variable across studies.
  • Selection on floral scent was as common and strong as on other pollinator-attracting traits.

Conclusions:

  • Floral scent plays a significant role in pollinator attraction.
  • The developed approach is valuable for studying plant-animal communication, particularly pollinator-mediated selection on complex scent blends.
  • This method is applicable even without prior knowledge of pollinator responses to specific scent compounds.