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A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference
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Time-variant entropy regulated multiple access for flexible coherent PON.

Zixian Wei, Jinsong Zhang, Weijia Li

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    This study introduces a novel method for enhancing data rates in passive optical networks (PONs) using probabilistic constellation shaping (PCS) and real-time monitoring. The system achieves flexible data rates from 350 to 550 Gb/s with high accuracy.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optical Communications
    • Signal Processing
    • Network Engineering

    Background:

    • Next-generation passive optical networks (PONs) require higher data rates and flexibility.
    • Current PON systems face limitations in dynamic rate adjustment and monitoring.
    • Coherent detection offers advanced signal processing capabilities for PONs.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose and demonstrate a novel scheme for increasing data rate and flexibility in coherent PONs.
    • To enable real-time monitoring and dynamic rate regulation using probabilistic constellation shaping (PCS) and image classification.
    • To synchronize, identify, and distinguish data frames for multiple optical network units (ONUs).

    Main Methods:

    • Joint probabilistic constellation shaping (PCS), constellation diagram identification, and coherent detection.
    • Dynamic rate regulation with time-variant entropy monitored by an image classifier.
    • Experimental demonstration using a dual-polarized coherent optical transmission system.
    • Utilizing a normalized cross-correlation coefficient (NCC)-based image classifier for constellation identification.

    Main Results:

    • Achieved 96.13% accuracy in constellation identification for entropy/rate.
    • Demonstrated real-time data rates from 350 to 550 Gb/s for a single ONU using PCS-64-QAM.
    • Supported up to five independent ONUs on a single wavelength with two polarization states.
    • Successfully varied entropy from 3.5 to 5.5 with 0.5 intervals.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed scheme effectively enhances data rate and flexibility in coherent PONs.
    • Real-time monitoring and dynamic rate adjustment are feasible using the developed graphic monitoring system.
    • The integration of PCS, constellation identification, and coherent detection offers a robust solution for future PONs.