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Related Concept Videos

Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
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The Tumor Microenvironment02:17

The Tumor Microenvironment

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Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 27, 2025

Analyzing Tumor and Tissue Distribution of Target Antigen Specific Therapeutic Antibody
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Analyzing Tumor and Tissue Distribution of Target Antigen Specific Therapeutic Antibody

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Engineering antibodies for conditional activity in the solid tumor microenvironment.

Yutong Liu1, Annalee W Nguyen1, Jennifer A Maynard1

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA.

Current Opinion in Biotechnology
|October 1, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Advanced antibody therapeutics are being engineered for cancer treatment. These next-generation therapies utilize tumor-specific triggers to enhance efficacy and reduce toxicities, improving patient outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Biotechnology
  • Protein Engineering

Background:

  • Antibody therapeutics are successful cancer treatments but cause toxicities by targeting antigens in healthy tissues.
  • These toxicities limit antibody use in some patients and therapeutic approaches.
  • Developing targeted antibody therapies is crucial for expanding treatment options.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review strategies for engineering antibody therapeutics with activity restricted to the tumor microenvironment.
  • To decrease toxicities and broaden the therapeutic window of antibody-based cancer treatments.
  • To explore novel targeting mechanisms for enhanced precision medicine.

Main Methods:

  • Protein engineering strategies to create antibodies sensitive to tumor-specific characteristics.
  • Utilizing intrinsic tumor microenvironment triggers: low pH, high extracellular ATP, and specific proteases.
  • Employing exogenous triggers like light and ultrasound for spatial and temporal control of antibody activation.

Main Results:

  • Engineered antibodies demonstrate tumor-specific binding and activity.
  • Reduced off-tumor recognition and associated toxicities observed.
  • Expanded therapeutic potential by overcoming previous limitations.

Conclusions:

  • Advanced antibody engineering strategies can restrict therapeutic activity to the tumor microenvironment.
  • Multilayered targeting approaches promise a new era of precision cancer therapeutics.
  • These innovations aim to improve safety profiles and treatment efficacy for a wider patient population.