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Resting energy expenditure in preterm newborns with bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Paola Azara Tabicas Lima1, Maria Dalva Barbosa Baker Méio2, Maria Elisabeth Lopes Moreira2

  • 1Neonatology Department, Instituto Fernandes Figueira, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Brazil.

Clinical Nutrition ESPEN
|October 2, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Newborns with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) exhibit varying energy needs. Moderate BPD cases show a significant decrease in resting energy expenditure (REE) as they approach term-equivalent age.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Metabolic Research

Background:

  • Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is associated with increased energy demands in newborns.
  • Understanding resting energy expenditure (REE) is crucial for managing BPD patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess resting energy expenditure (REE) in preterm newborns diagnosed with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD).
  • To compare REE between mild and moderate/severe BPD classifications.

Main Methods:

  • Indirect calorimetry was used to measure REE in preterm newborns with BPD.
  • Measurements were taken at two time points: post-mechanical ventilation (T1) and term-equivalent age (T2).
  • BPD severity was categorized as mild or moderate/severe.

Main Results:

  • Newborns with moderate BPD showed a significant decrease in REE (18%) between T1 and T2 (72.7 to 59.6 kcal/kg/day, p=0.08).
  • No significant difference in REE was observed in the mild BPD group between the two time points (50.9 to 56.4 kcal/kg/day, p=0.73).

Conclusions:

  • Newborns with BPD exhibit distinct metabolic profiles based on disease severity.
  • Moderate BPD cases demonstrate a reduction in REE as they approach term-equivalent age, suggesting altered metabolic adaptation.
Abstract

Keywords:
Bronchopulmonary dysplasiaPreterm newbornResting energy expenditure

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