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Labeling of Extracellular Vesicles for Monitoring Migration and Uptake in Cartilage Explants
Published on: October 4, 2021
The potential therapeutic role of extracellular vesicles in osteoarthritis
Yu Zhuang1,2,3, Shengjie Jiang1,2,3, Changyong Yuan4,5,6
1Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Abstract:
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a worldwide and disabling disease, which cause severe pain and heavy socioeconomic burden. However, pharmacologic or surgical therapies cannot mitigate OA progression. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) therapy has emerged as potential approach for OA treatment, while the immunogenicity and ethical audit of cell therapy are unavoidable. Compared with stem cell strategy, EVs induce less immunological rejection, and they are more stable for storage and in vivo application. MSC-EVs-based therapy possesses great potential in regulating inflammation and promoting cartilage matrix reconstruction in OA treatment. To enhance the therapeutic effect, delivery efficiency, tissue specificity and safety, EVs can be engineered via different modification strategies. Here, the application of MSC-EVs in OA treatment and the potential underlying mechanism were summarized. Moreover, EV modification strategies including indirect MSC modification and direct EV modification were reviewed.
Insights
Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) show promise for osteoarthritis treatment by reducing inflammation and rebuilding cartilage. Engineering these EVs can improve their therapeutic effectiveness and safety.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Engineering
- Regenerative Medicine
- Orthopedics
Background:
- Osteoarthritis (OA) is a debilitating global disease causing pain and socioeconomic burden.
- Current pharmacologic and surgical treatments fail to halt OA progression.
- Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy offers potential but faces immunogenicity and ethical challenges.
Purpose of the Study:
- To summarize the application of MSC-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) in osteoarthritis treatment.
- To explore the underlying mechanisms of MSC-EVs in OA.
- To review EV modification strategies for enhanced therapeutic outcomes.
Main Methods:
- Review of current literature on MSC-EVs for OA treatment.
- Analysis of EV properties, including immunogenicity and stability.
- Examination of EV engineering and modification techniques.
Main Results:
- MSC-EVs demonstrate potential in modulating inflammation and promoting cartilage matrix reconstruction in OA.
- EVs exhibit reduced immunogenicity and improved stability compared to cell therapy.
- EV modification strategies can enhance delivery efficiency, tissue specificity, and safety.
Conclusions:
- MSC-EVs represent a promising cell-free therapeutic strategy for osteoarthritis.
- EV engineering offers avenues to optimize therapeutic efficacy and safety for OA treatment.
- Further research into MSC-EVs and their modifications is warranted for clinical translation.
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