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Updated: Aug 27, 2025

Calcium Carbonate Formation in the Presence of Biopolymeric Additives
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Calcite Kinks Grow via a Multistep Mechanism.

Alexander Broad1, Robert Darkins1, Dorothy M Duffy1

  • 1London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London, 17-19 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AH, U.K.

The Journal of Physical Chemistry. C, Nanomaterials and Interfaces
|October 3, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Crystal growth can occur through a multi-step process, challenging the classical model. Some calcite kinks grow by solutes adsorbing to intermediate sites before lattice incorporation, requiring a second solute

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Area of Science:

  • Crystallization science
  • Surface chemistry
  • Geochemistry

Background:

  • Classical crystal growth models assume direct solute adsorption to lattice sites.
  • This model simplifies the complex surface processes during mineral formation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate alternative mechanisms of crystal growth beyond the classical model.
  • To explore the role of intermediate adsorption sites in calcite kink growth.

Main Methods:

  • Computation of free energy curves for calcium (Ca) and carbonate (CO3) ion adsorption.
  • Analysis of a wide range of calcite kink types.
  • Identification of growth mechanisms based on calculated free energy landscapes.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated a multistep growth mechanism for specific calcite kinks.
  • Identified kinks that require sequential adsorption of two solutes to the crystal lattice.
  • Found that kinks terminated by either Ca or CO3 ions can exhibit this multistep growth.

Conclusions:

  • The classical model of crystal growth is insufficient to explain all observed growth phenomena.
  • Multistep adsorption mechanisms play a significant role in the growth of certain mineral kinks.
  • This finding has implications for understanding mineral formation in various geological and industrial settings.