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Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview

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Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disease marked by recurrent, unpredictable seizures. These seizures are caused by abnormal electrical discharges in the brain, leading to behavior, sensation, or consciousness alterations. They can also cause transient impairment of awareness, interfering with daily activities.
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Updated: Aug 27, 2025

In Vivo Imaging Systems IVIS Detection of a Neuro-Invasive Encephalitic Virus

In Vivo Imaging Systems IVIS Detection of a Neuro-Invasive Encephalitic Virus

Published on: December 2, 2012

Herpesvirus-Associated Encephalitis: an Update.

Elizabeth Matthews¹, J David Beckham^1,2, Amanda L Piquet¹

¹Neuro-Infectious Diseases Group, Department of Neurology and Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado School of Medicine, 12700 E 19th Ave, Mailstop B-182, Aurora, CO 80045 USA.

Current Tropical Medicine Reports

|October 3, 2022

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Herpesviruses are a major cause of encephalitis globally. Recent advances in multiplex PCR diagnostics and varicella zoster virus vaccines offer improved management and prevention strategies for herpes-related brain infections.

Keywords:

Cytomegalovirus encephalitis Epstein-Barr virus encephalitis HHV6 encephalitis Herpes encephalitis Postinfectious autoimmune encephalitis Varicella zoster virus encephalitis

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Published on: June 2, 2022

Area of Science:

Neurology
Infectious Diseases
Virology

Background:

Herpesviruses are a significant global cause of encephalitis.
Neurotropic herpesviruses require consideration in infectious encephalitis differential diagnoses.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the eight human herpesviruses and their recent advancements concerning encephalitis.
To describe recent progress in the diagnosis, treatment, complications, and management of herpesvirus infections causing encephalitis.

Main Methods:

Review of recent literature on human herpesviruses and encephalitis.
Focus on advancements in diagnostic techniques, therapeutic strategies, and vaccine development.
Exploration of the link between herpes encephalitis and autoimmune encephalitis.

Main Results:

Multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based panels have enhanced diagnostic accessibility, particularly in underserved regions.
While standard treatments remain, novel therapeutic research is active.
Vaccine advancements, especially for varicella zoster virus (VZV), show promise for reducing neurologic complications.
A newly identified association between herpes encephalitis and post-infectious autoimmune encephalitis impacts neurology.

Conclusions:

Herpesviruses are critical considerations for infectious encephalitis.
Recent diagnostic and vaccine developments offer improved management pathways.
The interplay between infectious and autoimmune neurological conditions warrants further investigation.