Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 26, 2025
07:11
Treatment of Facial Deformities using 3D Planning and Printing of Patient-Specific Implants
Published on: May 23, 2020
7.5K
Cranial base parameters in adults with skeletal class I and class II skeletal pattern
Soorya Dileep1, Maimoona Abdul Khader2, Hashim Ali3
1Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Rajas Dental College and Hospital, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India.
Journal of Orthodontic Science
|October 3, 2022
Summary
Cranial base morphology in class II malocclusions shows minimal differences from class I. However, males with class II patterns have larger cranial base angles, suggesting a minor role in malocclusion development.
Area of Science:
- Orthodontics
- Craniofacial Morphology
- Dental Anthropology
Background:
- Cranial base parameters display significant variability.
- Understanding these variations is crucial for diagnosing and treating malocclusions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate cranial base morphological characteristics in class II versus class I malocclusions.
- To identify potential risk factors contributing to class II skeletal malocclusions.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study involving 30 adults with class I and 30 adults with class II malocclusions.
- Lateral cephalograms were analyzed to measure cranial base length (sella-to-nasion, basion to pterygomaxillary fissure, pterygomaxillary fissure to point A) and cranial base angle (basion-sella-nasion).
Main Results:
- No significant differences in five linear and one angular cranial base measures were found between the combined class I and class II groups.
- A significant positive correlation was observed in one angular measurement when analyzing males and females within each group separately.
Conclusions:
- Male patients with class II malocclusions exhibited larger cranial base angles compared to those with class I malocclusions.
- Cranial base features appear to play a minimal role in the etiology of class II malocclusions.
Related Concept Videos
01:14Cranial Bones: Superior and Posterior View
2.6K
The superior view of the cranium shows the frontal and paired parietal bones.
The frontal bone is the single bone that forms the forehead. At its anterior midline, between the eyebrows, there is a slight depression called the glabella. The frontal bone also forms the supraorbital margin of the orbit. Near the middle of this margin is the supraorbital foramen, the opening that provides passage for a sensory nerve to the forehead. The frontal bone is thickened just above each supraorbital margin,...
The frontal bone is the single bone that forms the forehead. At its anterior midline, between the eyebrows, there is a slight depression called the glabella. The frontal bone also forms the supraorbital margin of the orbit. Near the middle of this margin is the supraorbital foramen, the opening that provides passage for a sensory nerve to the forehead. The frontal bone is thickened just above each supraorbital margin,...
2.6K
01:18Classification of Bones
6.2K
The bones of the human skeletal system are of varied shapes, sizes, and functions. They can be classified based on their shape and function into four major classes: long bones, short bones, flat bones, and irregular bones. Some classifications include a fifth type, the sesamoid bones, as a separate class, whereas others categorize them under short bones.
Long and Short Bones
The appendicular skeleton, particularly the upper and lower limbs, is primarily made of long and short bones. The...
Long and Short Bones
The appendicular skeleton, particularly the upper and lower limbs, is primarily made of long and short bones. The...
6.2K
01:27Cranial Bones: Lateral View
2.5K
The lateral view of the cranium is dominated by temporal, sphenoid, and ethmoid bones.
The temporal bone forms the lower lateral side of the skull. The temporal bone is subdivided into several regions. The flattened upper portion is the squamous portion of the temporal bone. Below this area and projecting anteriorly is the zygomatic process of the temporal bone, which forms the posterior portion of the zygomatic arch. Posteriorly is the mastoid portion of the temporal bone. Projecting...
The temporal bone forms the lower lateral side of the skull. The temporal bone is subdivided into several regions. The flattened upper portion is the squamous portion of the temporal bone. Below this area and projecting anteriorly is the zygomatic process of the temporal bone, which forms the posterior portion of the zygomatic arch. Posteriorly is the mastoid portion of the temporal bone. Projecting...
2.5K
01:08Overview of the Skull
5.0K
The cranium (skull) is the skeletal structure of the head that supports the face and protects the brain. It is subdivided into the facial bones and the brain case, or cranial vault. The facial bones underlie the facial structures, form the nasal cavity, enclose the eyeballs, and support the teeth of the upper and lower jaws.
The cranial vault surrounds and protects the brain and houses the middle and inner ear structures. This cavity is bounded superiorly by the rounded top of the skull, which...
The cranial vault surrounds and protects the brain and houses the middle and inner ear structures. This cavity is bounded superiorly by the rounded top of the skull, which...
5.0K
01:22Sutures of the Skull
7.3K
The human skull is composed of several bones that come together to protect the brain and support the structures of the face. The junctions where these bones meet are called sutures.
Sutures are immobile joints between adjacent bones of the skull. The narrow gap between the bones is filled with dense, fibrous connective tissue that unites the bones. The long sutures located between the skull bones are not straight but instead follow irregular, tightly twisting paths. These twisting lines tightly...
Sutures are immobile joints between adjacent bones of the skull. The narrow gap between the bones is filled with dense, fibrous connective tissue that unites the bones. The long sutures located between the skull bones are not straight but instead follow irregular, tightly twisting paths. These twisting lines tightly...
7.3K
01:09Overview of the Axial Skeleton
5.7K
The skeleton is subdivided into two major divisions—the axial skeleton and the appendicular skeleton. The axial skeleton forms the vertical, central axis of the body. It includes all of the bones of the head, neck, chest, and back. It protects the brain, spinal cord, heart, and lungs. It also serves as the attachment site for muscles that move the head, neck, and back and for muscles that act across the shoulder and hip joints to move their corresponding limbs.
The axial skeleton of the...
The axial skeleton of the...
5.7K