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Related Concept Videos

Exercise and Muscle Performance01:27

Exercise and Muscle Performance

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Exercise induces a range of adaptations in muscle tissue, depending on the type and duration of activity. Such physical training can be broadly categorized into two types: endurance exercises and resistance exercises.
Endurance exercises
Endurance exercises involve running, swimming, or cycling, which require repetitive movements with low force output. When a person engages in endurance exercise, a few noticeable changes occur in their skeletal muscles. For instance, the number of capillaries...
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Muscle Recovery and Fatigue01:24

Muscle Recovery and Fatigue

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Muscle fatigue refers to the decline in a muscle's ability to maintain the force of contraction after prolonged activity. It primarily stems from changes within muscle fibers. Even before experiencing muscle fatigue, one may feel tired and have the urge to stop the activity. This response, known as central fatigue, occurs due to changes in the central nervous system, namely the brain and spinal cord. While there is no single mechanism that induces fatigue, it may serve as a protective...
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Hormonal Regulation01:33

Hormonal Regulation

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The renin-aldosterone system is an endocrine system which guides the renal absorption of water and electrolytes, thus managing blood pressure and osmoregulation. Activation of the system begins in the kidneys with a small cluster of cells adjacent to the afferent and efferent blood vessels of the renal corpuscle. As the nephrons are filtering blood, juxtaglomerular cells monitor blood pressure. If they detect a decrease in pressure, they release the hormone renin into the bloodstream.
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Regulation of Metabolism01:19

Regulation of Metabolism

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Cellular needs and conditions vary from cell to cell and change within individual cells over time. For example, the required enzymes and energetic demands of stomach cells are different from those of fat storage cells, skin cells, blood cells, and nerve cells. Furthermore, a digestive cell works much harder to process and break down nutrients during the time that closely follows a meal compared with many hours after a meal. As these cellular demands and conditions vary, so do the amounts and...
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Role of Hematopoietic Growth Factors01:28

Role of Hematopoietic Growth Factors

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Hematopoietic growth factors are molecules that regulate the differentiation rate of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Erythropoietin (EPO), primarily produced by the kidneys, plays a crucial role in erythrocyte production. When oxygen levels in the blood are low, EPO is released into the bloodstream, reaching the bone marrow, where it stimulates HSCs to differentiate and mature into erythrocytes, which are vital for oxygen transport.
Thrombopoietin (TPO), mainly released by the liver,...
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Aging01:26

Aging

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Aging is a complex biological phenomenon influenced by various processes that affect cellular and systemic functions. Several prominent theories attempt to explain its mechanisms, highlighting cellular limitations, oxidative damage, and hormonal changes as central factors in aging.
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Updated: Aug 26, 2025

Treatment of Ligament Constructs with Exercise-conditioned Serum: A Translational Tissue Engineering Model
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Klotho: An Emerging Factor With Ergogenic Potential.

Eliott Arroyo1, Ashley D Troutman2, Ranjani N Moorthi1

  • 1Division of Nephrology & Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States.

Frontiers in Rehabilitation Sciences
|October 3, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Klotho, an anti-aging protein, may hold potential for treating sarcopenia and improving physical function in older adults and CKD patients. Further research is needed to explore its ergogenic benefits and therapeutic applications.

Keywords:
Klothochronic kidney disease (CKD)physical functionsarcopeniaskeletal muscle

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Nephrology
  • Exercise Physiology

Background:

  • Sarcopenia and reduced cardiorespiratory fitness are prevalent in aging and chronic kidney disease (CKD), leading to functional decline.
  • Physical function is linked to clinical outcomes including hospitalization, independence, quality of life, and mortality.
  • Current lifestyle interventions for physical function have limited adherence due to various barriers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the role of the anti-aging protein Klotho in musculoskeletal health and physical function.
  • To investigate Klotho's potential as a therapeutic target for sarcopenia and physical dysfunction, particularly in aging and CKD populations.
  • To identify knowledge gaps hindering the development of Klotho-based interventions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of existing research on Klotho, sarcopenia, and physical function.
  • Analysis of Klotho's involvement in skeletal muscle regeneration, mitochondrial biogenesis, endothelial function, oxidative stress, and inflammation.
  • Examination of Klotho deficiency in aging and CKD and its implications for physical function.

Main Results:

  • Klotho plays a role in key processes regulating skeletal muscle function.
  • Aging and CKD are associated with Klotho deficiency, impacting physical function.
  • Emerging evidence suggests Klotho-related benefits from exercise and potential therapeutic applications.

Conclusions:

  • Klotho is a promising target for managing physical function decline in aging and CKD.
  • Understanding Klotho's mechanisms is crucial for developing effective therapeutic strategies.
  • Further research is necessary to establish Klotho's ergogenic potential and guide future interventional trials.