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Keratoconus in pre-teen children: Demographics and clinical profile

Bhava Tharini1, Srujana Sahebjada2, Maria Agustina Borrone1

  • 1Cornea Institute, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Telangana, India.

Indian Journal of Ophthalmology
|October 3, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Keratoconus (KC) in Indian pre-teens often presents advanced, with males predominantly affected. Early diagnosis is crucial, as progression necessitates treatments like collagen crosslinking (CXL) or keratoplasty.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Pediatric eye care
  • Corneal diseases

Background:

  • Keratoconus (KC) is a progressive corneal ectasia.
  • Early detection in children is vital for managing visual development.
  • Limited data exists on the pediatric KC profile in India.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the demographic and clinical characteristics of pediatric KC patients in India.
  • To analyze treatment outcomes for early-onset keratoconus.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective case series of 294 KC patients (586 eyes) aged 12 years or less.
  • Clinical data including visual acuity, refraction, and topography were analyzed.
  • Treatment outcomes for collagen crosslinking (CXL) and keratoplasty were assessed.

Main Results:

  • The cohort (mean age 9.3 years) showed a 70% male preponderance.
  • 12.7% of eyes required collagen crosslinking (CXL); outcomes were stable at 6 months.
  • 2.3% of eyes needed keratoplasty; 25% presented with advanced KC.

Conclusions:

  • Pediatric KC in India presents with significant demographic and clinical variations.
  • Advanced KC at presentation highlights the need for heightened diagnostic awareness in young children.
  • Timely intervention, including CXL, can stabilize KC progression.
Abstract

Keywords:
Crosslinkingearly detectionkeratoconus progressionpediatric keratoconus

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