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Related Concept Videos

Drugs for Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in IBD01:29

Drugs for Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in IBD

228
Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory condition primarily affecting the colon and rectum. The primary drugs used in the treatment of ulcerative colitis are aminosalicylates. They exhibit anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. They modulate inflammatory mediators and inhibit the activity of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). Aminosalicylates also reduce inflammation by inhibiting prostaglandin and leukotriene production and decreasing neutrophil chemotaxis and superoxide...
228
Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents01:29

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents

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Crohn's disease is an inflammatory bowel disorder marked by chronic inflammation of the GI tract. Various treatment strategies for Crohn's disease are employed, such as immunomodulatory agents, glucocorticoids, and biologics or anti-TNF therapy. Azathioprine (Imuran), a commonly used immunomodulatory drug for Crohn's disease, is converted in the body to mercaptopurine, which inhibits purine biosynthesis and cell proliferation. Both are utilized in severe cases of Inflammatory Bowel...
250
Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Glucocorticoids01:21

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Glucocorticoids

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Glucocorticoids, a class of anti-inflammatory drugs, are pivotal in treating moderate to severe Crohn's disease by inducing remission. They exhibit their anti-inflammatory action by inhibiting the production of inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1, and chemokines like IL-8. In addition, they reduce the expression of inflammatory cell adhesion molecules and inhibit gene transcription of nitric oxide synthase, phospholipase A2, cyclooxygenase-2...
190
Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Biologic Agents: Anti-TNF01:24

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Biologic Agents: Anti-TNF

215
Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF), a proinflammatory cytokine, contributes significantly to the inflammation seen in Crohn's disease. It exists as soluble TNF and membrane-bound TNF, with actions mediated through TNF receptors (TNFR). TNFR activation leads to the release of proinflammatory cytokines, T-cell activation, collagen production, and leukocyte migration, all contributing to inflammation in Crohn's disease. Anti-TNF monoclonal antibodies, namely infliximab (Remicade), adalimumab...
215
Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Pharmacological Management01:29

Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Pharmacological Management

173
Upon diagnosis, managing Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) involves addressing several crucial aspects. The primary goals include resting the bowel, correcting malnutrition, and providing symptomatic relief. Resting the bowel may consist of medications to reduce inflammation and promote healing. Correcting malnutrition is essential, often requiring dietary adjustments and nutritional supplements. Symptomatic relief aims to ease pain, diarrhea, and other discomforts in IBD.
Pharmacologic...
173
Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis01:27

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis

298
Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
Risk Factors
The exact cause of IBD remains unclear, although it is believed to be due to a mix of genetic, environmental, microbial, and immune factors. Genetic factors are significant in determining susceptibility to IBD, with family history being a critical risk factor. Individuals with a first-degree relative who has IBD are at...
298

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 26, 2025

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In active UC, upadacitinib induced and maintained remission.

Geoffrey M Forbes1

  • 1University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia (G.M.F.).

Annals of Internal Medicine
|October 3, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Upadacitinib effectively induced and maintained remission in adults with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis. This Janus kinase inhibitor demonstrated significant clinical benefits in phase 3 trials.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology and immunology
  • Clinical pharmacology
  • Inflammatory bowel disease research

Background:

  • Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease with significant unmet needs.
  • Current therapies for moderate to severe UC have limitations in efficacy and safety.
  • Targeting specific inflammatory pathways offers a potential therapeutic strategy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy and safety of upadacitinib (a Janus kinase inhibitor) as induction and maintenance therapy in patients with moderate to severe ulcerative colitis.
  • To assess clinical remission, endoscopic improvement, and safety outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Three multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled phase 3 trials were conducted.
  • Patients with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis received upadacitinib or placebo for induction and maintenance phases.
  • Clinical and endoscopic endpoints were assessed over specific timeframes.

Main Results:

  • Upadacitinib demonstrated statistically significant improvements in clinical remission and endoscopic improvement compared to placebo during both induction and maintenance phases.
  • A significant proportion of patients treated with upadacitinib achieved clinical remission at week 12 and maintained it through week 52.
  • Adverse events were consistent with the known safety profile of upadacitinib.

Conclusions:

  • Upadacitinib is an effective treatment option for induction and maintenance therapy in patients with moderate to severe ulcerative colitis.
  • The drug offers a new therapeutic approach for managing this chronic inflammatory condition.
  • Further long-term data will continue to inform the role of upadacitinib in ulcerative colitis management.