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Type-II quantum spin Hall effect in two-dimensional metals.

Aiying Zhao1,2, Qiang Gu1, Timothy J Haugan3

  • 1Institute of Theoretical Physics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China.

Journal of Physics. Condensed Matter : an Institute of Physics Journal
|October 3, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study proposes a novel experiment to observe the Type-II quantum spin Hall (QSH) effect in a 2D metal. It utilizes a unique Hamiltonian and applied fields to generate quantized spin currents, potentially enabling room-temperature measurements.

Keywords:
Joule heating controlmagnetic vector potentialquantized spin and charge currentsquantum spin Hall effecttwo-dimensional metals

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed matter physics
  • Quantum mechanics
  • Materials science

Background:

  • The quantum spin Hall (QSH) effect is typically observed in topological insulators and quantum wells.
  • Observation of the QSH effect in metals remains elusive.
  • Previous methods relied on specific material properties or configurations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and theoretically analyze an experiment for observing the Type-II QSH effect in a two-dimensional (2D) metal.
  • To utilize a novel, relativistically gauge-invariant 2D QSH Hamiltonian.
  • To generate and measure spontaneously quantized spin currents in a spin-unpolarized 2D metal.

Main Methods:

  • An experiment involving a 2D metallic Corbino disk subjected to an azimuthal vector potential and a radial electric field is proposed.
  • A cylindrical solenoid generates the vector potential without a magnetic field within the disk.
  • Quantized azimuthal charge and spin currents are generated by combined changes in current and applied fields.

Main Results:

  • The quantum Hamiltonians for the proposed experiments are solved exactly.
  • The generation of spontaneously quantized azimuthal charge and spin currents is demonstrated.
  • A method to control Joule heating is presented, suggesting potential for room-temperature measurements.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed experiment offers a new pathway to observe the Type-II QSH effect in metals.
  • This work provides a theoretical framework and experimental design for detecting quantized spin currents.
  • The findings could pave the way for novel spintronic devices operating at room temperature.