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Related Concept Videos

Association Areas of the Cortex

Association Areas of the Cortex

Association areas are regions of the cerebral cortex that do not have a specific sensory or motor function. Instead, they integrate and interpret information from various sources to enable higher cognitive processes such as memory, learning, and decision-making. Some key association areas include the following:
Prefrontal Association Area: This area is located in the frontal lobe and is involved in planning, decision-making, and moderating social behavior. It connects with primary motor areas,...

Motor and Sensory Areas of the Cortex

Motor and Sensory Areas of the Cortex

The cerebral cortex, the brain's outermost layer, is pivotal in processing complex cognitive tasks, emotions, and various sensory inputs and executing voluntary motor activities. This intricate structure is divided into three primary functional areas: the motor areas, sensory areas, and association areas.
Motor Areas
The motor areas located in the frontal lobe are central to controlling voluntary movements. This region is further subdivided into the primary motor cortex and the premotor cortex....

Somatosensory, Motor, and Association Cortex

Somatosensory, Motor, and Association Cortex

The somatosensory cortex in the parietal lobes is crucial for interpreting sensory data such as touch, temperature, and proprioception. The somatosensory cortex, situated in the parietal lobes, plays a vital role in interpreting sensory information like touch, temperature, and proprioception—awareness of body position. This specialized brain region features an organized structure wherein neurons at the top primarily process sensations originating from the lower body. In contrast, those at...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 26, 2025

Exploring the Neural Correlates of Cognitive Reappraisal in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Using Task-based Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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Orbitofrontal cortex populations are differentially recruited to support actions.

Christian Cazares¹, Drew C Schreiner², Mariela Lopez Valencia²

¹The Neurosciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.

Current Biology : CB

|October 4, 2022

Summary

The lateral orbitofrontal cortex (lOFC) helps integrate action information for decision-making. Disrupting specific lOFC circuits impairs action encoding but not prior action use, revealing its role in adaptive behavior.

Keywords:

action experience fiber photometry goal-directed orbitofrontal cortex parvalbumin reward

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Real-time fMRI Biofeedback Targeting the Orbitofrontal Cortex for Contamination Anxiety

Real-time fMRI Biofeedback Targeting the Orbitofrontal Cortex for Contamination Anxiety

Published on: January 20, 2012

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Decision-Making Research
Behavioral Science

Background:

Orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) is implicated in decision-making, particularly using cue and value information.
The specific role of OFC populations in utilizing information from volitional actions to guide behavior remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the contribution of lateral OFC (lOFC) subpopulations to using prior action information for behavioral guidance.
To elucidate the role of lOFC in integrating current and past action information for adaptive decision-making.

Main Methods:

Utilized a self-paced lever-press task in mice to assess inference of prior action durations.
Employed transient, state-dependent disruptions of specific lOFC subpopulations.
Investigated chronic functional loss of lOFC circuit activity.

Main Results:

lOFC subpopulations differentially encode current and prior action information during action execution.
Transient lOFC disruptions impaired encoding of ongoing action durations but not the use of prior action information.
Chronic lOFC loss led to increased reliance on recent action durations and impaired behavioral flexibility.

Conclusions:

Identifies a novel role for the lateral orbitofrontal cortex (lOFC) in integrating action information to guide adaptive behavior.
Suggests lOFC's involvement in utilizing past action outcomes for future decision-making.
Highlights the complex role of lOFC circuits in action control and behavioral adaptation.