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An image forensic technique based on JPEG ghosts.

Divakar Singh1, Priyanka Singh2, Riyanka Jena2

  • 1Indian Institute of Technology, Jammu, 181221 India.

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Summary

This study introduces a digital image forensic technique to detect forgeries in JPEG images. The method identifies tampered areas by analyzing compression quality differences, ensuring image integrity.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Computer Science
  • Digital Forensics
  • Image Processing

Background:

  • The proliferation of photo-editing tools challenges the authenticity of digital images.
  • Establishing image integrity is crucial for reliable visual evidence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a digital image forensic technique for detecting forgeries in JPEG images.
  • To authenticate digital images by identifying tampered regions.

Main Methods:

  • Proposing a technique based on re-saving JPEG images at various compression qualities.
  • Utilizing Structural Similarity Index Measure (SSIM) and image energy analysis to predict cover image JPEG quality.
  • Creating a dataset with varying JPEG compression qualities for validation.

Main Results:

  • The technique accurately detects forgeries when the ghost image has a different compression quality than the cover image.
  • Maximum detection occurs when the forged image is saved at the same JPEG quality as the cover image.
  • Accurate localization of tampered portions, even for small 10x10 pixel blocks, across diverse attack scenarios.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed digital image forensic technique effectively detects and localizes JPEG image forgeries.
  • The method is robust against various image manipulation and attack scenarios, including copy-move forgery and rescaling.
  • This technique enhances the reliability and trustworthiness of digital images in forensic applications.