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Equine sinusitis aetiology is linked to sinus microbiome by amplicon sequencing
Megan E Lowman1, Craig D Tipton2, Alexandra L Labordère1
1Marion duPont Scott Equine Medical Center, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Leesburg, VA, USA.
Equine sinusitis microbiome analysis reveals distinct bacterial compositions based on etiology. Dental-related sinusitis shows more anaerobic bacteria and resistance genes, informing targeted antimicrobial therapy.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Microbiology
- Equine Health
- Genomic Sequencing
Background:
- Limited genetic sequencing data exists for equine sinusitis microbiome.
- Understanding the sinus microbiome can improve antimicrobial selection and treatment outcomes for sinusitis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize the sinus microbiota in horses with sinusitis.
- To compare microbiota and antimicrobial resistance genes between primary, dental-related, and secondary sinusitis causes.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective case series of equine sinusitis cases (2017-2021).
- Bioinformatic analysis of bacterial and fungal amplicon sequence data.
- Quantitative PCR for bacterial abundance and antibiotic resistance genes.
Main Results:
- Sinus etiology significantly influenced microbiome diversity and composition.
- Dental-related sinusitis had more obligate anaerobic bacteria and resistance genes.
- Primary sinusitis had fewer bacteria and more facultative anaerobic/aerobic genera.
Conclusions:
- Molecular characterization identifies difficult-to-culture microbes in sinusitis.
- Microbiome profiling differentiates sinusitis etiology, guiding antimicrobial therapy.
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