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Long-Term Outcome of Necrotizing Enterocolitis and Spontaneous Intestinal Perforation
Ruben Vaidya1, Joe X Yi2, T Michael O'Shea3
1Department of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Baystate, Springfield, Massachusetts.
Pediatrics
|October 6, 2022
Summary
Children who had surgical necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) or spontaneous intestinal perforation (SIP) as infants experienced persistent growth issues into adolescence. However, neurodevelopmental outcomes were similar for all extremely preterm infants, regardless of NEC or SIP.
Area of Science:
- Neonatal Medicine
- Pediatric Gastroenterology
- Developmental Pediatrics
Background:
- Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and spontaneous intestinal perforation (SIP) are serious complications in preterm infants.
- These conditions are linked to significant morbidity, mortality, impaired growth, and neurodevelopmental challenges.
- Long-term outcomes beyond early childhood for extremely preterm infants with NEC/SIP are not well-documented.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare anthropometric and neurodevelopmental outcomes at 10 and 15 years of age.
- To assess children with medical NEC, surgical NEC, SIP, and those without these conditions.
Main Methods:
- Utilized data from the prospective longitudinal Extremely Low Gestational Age Newborns study.
- Evaluated 889 children at age 10 and 694 at age 15 for growth and neurodevelopmental parameters.
- Compared outcomes between groups: medical NEC, surgical NEC, SIP, and no NEC/SIP.
Main Results:
- Children with medical NEC showed similar anthropometric measures to controls at both 10 and 15 years.
- At 15 years, surgical NEC was associated with lower weight, BMI, and height z-scores.
- SIP was linked to lower weight and height z-scores at age 10, though not significant after confounder adjustment.
- No significant differences in long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes were observed across groups.
Conclusions:
- Growth impairment associated with surgical NEC and SIP may persist into late childhood.
- Neurodevelopmental outcomes for extremely preterm children with NEC or SIP are comparable to those without these conditions.
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