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Plant Cells and Tissues

Plant Cells and Tissues

Plant tissues are collections of similar cells performing related functions. Different plant tissues will have their own specialized roles and can be combined with other tissues to form organs such as flowers, fruit, stem, and leaves. Two major types of plant tissue include meristematic and permanent tissue.

Animal and Plant Cell Structure

Animal and Plant Cell Structure

Animal and plant cells not only differ in their structure, function, and mode of nutrition but also in how they reproduce, specialize, and organize into complex structures.
Cell Division
Though both plant and animal cells divide by mitosis (for non-gametic cells) and meiosis (for gametic cells), they differ in the specifics of this process. Unlike animal cells, plant cells lack centrosomes — an organelle responsible for organizing the spindle fibers and segregating the chromosomes during...

The Phragmoplast

The Phragmoplast

Cell division is essential for organismal growth and development. In animal cells, the central spindle and its associated proteins form the midbody, a structure that has an essential role in cytokinesis. In plants, the central spindle, along with the microtubules, actin, and other cell components, matures into the phragmoplast, which is necessary for cytokinesis. Unlike the stationary midbody, the phragmoplast expands centrifugally, eventually leading to the formation of the new cell wall.
The...

Plant Tissues

Plant Tissues

Plants are multicellular eukaryotes with tissue systems made of various cell types that carry out specific functions. Different tissues work together to perform a unique function and form an organ. Organs working together form organ systems. Vascular plants have two distinct organ systems: a shoot system and a root system. The shoot system consists of two portions: the vegetative (non-reproductive) parts of the plant, such as the leaves and the stems, and the reproductive parts of the plant,...

Cell Signaling in Plants

Cell Signaling in Plants

Plant cells communicate to coordinate their cycle of growth, flowering and fruiting, and activities in roots, shoots, and leaves in response to the changing environmental conditions. Plant signaling is distinct from animal signaling. Plants primarily utilize enzyme-linked receptors, whereas the largest class of cell-surface receptors in animals are G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). Unlike animals, receptor tyrosine kinases are rare in plants. Instead, plants have a diverse class of...

Plant Cell Wall

Plant Cell Wall

The plant cell wall gives plant cells shape, support, and protection. As a cell matures, its cell wall specializes according to the cell type. For example, the parenchyma cells of leaves possess only a thin, primary cell wall.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 26, 2025

Isolation and Transcriptome Analysis of Plant Cell Types

Isolation and Transcriptome Analysis of Plant Cell Types

Published on: April 7, 2023

Toward a data infrastructure for the Plant Cell Atlas.

Noah Fahlgren¹, Muskan Kapoor², Galabina Yordanova³

¹Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, Saint Louis, Missouri 63132, USA.

Plant Physiology

|October 6, 2022

Summary

A data infrastructure for plant cell research can leverage existing platforms like the Human Cell Atlas and European Bioinformatics Institute. This will enable new discoveries in plant biology through open data sharing.

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Area of Science:

Plant biology
Bioinformatics
Data science

Background:

Establishing a comprehensive data infrastructure is crucial for advancing plant cell research.
Existing infrastructures like the Human Cell Atlas and European Bioinformatics Institute's Single Cell Expression Atlas offer valuable models and resources.
Plant single-cell data requires specific ontologies for accurate description and analysis.

Approach:

Reviewing existing data infrastructure and platforms for potential adaptation.
Discussing the development of appropriate ontologies for plant single-cell experiments.
Proposing a framework for a collaborative plant cell data infrastructure.

Key Points:

Leveraging established infrastructure can accelerate the development of a Plant Cell Atlas.
Standardized ontologies are essential for integrating and analyzing diverse plant single-cell data.
Open data accessibility is key to fostering community-driven insights and innovation.

Conclusions:

A robust data infrastructure, built upon existing resources and standardized ontologies, will empower future plant biology research.
Such an infrastructure will facilitate interdisciplinary collaboration between biologists and data scientists.
Open access to plant single-cell data will drive significant advancements in understanding plant life.