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Brassinosteroid biosynthesis gene OsD2 is associated with low-temperature germinability in rice
Sun Ha Kim1, Kyu-Chan Shim1, Hyun-Sook Lee2
1Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea.
Low-temperature germinability (LTG) in rice is crucial for direct seeding. The gene OsD2, involved in brassinosteroid biosynthesis, was identified as a key regulator of LTG and grain size, offering potential for rice breeding.
Area of Science:
- Plant Biology
- Genetics
- Agricultural Science
Background:
- Low-temperature germinability (LTG) is vital for rice stand establishment in direct seeding systems, particularly in temperate and high-altitude regions.
- Previous research identified a quantitative trait locus (QTL), qLTG1, associated with LTG and abiotic stress tolerance.
- The genetic basis of LTG and its relationship with other agronomic traits remain areas for further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify the gene underlying the qLTG1 locus associated with low-temperature germinability (LTG) in rice.
- To elucidate the function of the identified gene in LTG and grain development.
- To explore the potential of this gene for improving rice breeding programs.
Main Methods:
- Map-based cloning and sequence analysis to identify the gene at the qLTG1 locus.
- Comparative sequence analysis between parental lines to detect genetic variations.
- Evaluation of T-DNA insertion mutants (overexpression and knockdown) for OsD2.
- Gene expression analysis of brassinosteroid (BR) signaling and biosynthetic genes.
- Brassinosteroid application experiments to assess its effect on germination.
Main Results:
- Map-based cloning identified qLTG1 as allelic to DWARF2 (OsD2), a gene encoding cytochrome P450 D2 involved in brassinosteroid biosynthesis.
- Sequence analysis revealed five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in OsD2 between parental lines, with three causing missense mutations.
- OsD2 knockdown mutants exhibited reduced LTG and grain size, while overexpression mutants showed increased LTG and grain size.
- Gene expression analysis and BR application confirmed that BR enhances seed germination under low-temperature conditions.
Conclusions:
- OsD2 plays a significant role in regulating low-temperature germinability (LTG) and grain size in rice.
- The identified mutations in OsD2 contribute to variations in LTG and grain development.
- OsD2 is a promising target gene for rice breeding to enhance yield and improve LTG for direct seeding applications.
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