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Cardiac Magnetic Resonance for the Evaluation of Suspected Cardiac Thrombus: Conventional and Emerging Techniques
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Dual arterial thrombosis: A diagnostic enigma
Shasthara Paneyala1, S C Nemichandra1, Harsha Sundaramurthy1
1Department of Neurology, JSS Medical College, Mysore, Karnataka, India.
Annals of African Medicine
|October 7, 2022
Summary
This case report details a rare instance of arterial thrombosis caused by cold agglutinin disease, linked to Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. Prompt diagnosis and treatment led to patient recovery and stabilized hemoglobin levels.
Area of Science:
- Hematology
- Neurology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Cold agglutinin disease (CAD) is a rare autoimmune hemolytic anemia.
- CAD can manifest as arterial thrombosis, including stroke.
- Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections are a known trigger for CAD.
Observation:
- A 22-year-old presented with acute stroke symptoms (left hemiplegia).
- Initial investigations revealed hemolytic anemia and rapid blood clotting.
- Cerebral MRI confirmed a right middle cerebral artery infarct.
Findings:
- Elevated cold antibody titers and significant immunoglobulin M Mycoplasma levels confirmed the diagnosis.
- The patient experienced a progressive drop in hemoglobin levels.
- Pulmonary thromboembolism also developed and was managed with anticoagulation.
Implications:
- This case highlights Mycoplasma pneumoniae as a potential cause of CAD-induced arterial thrombosis.
- Early recognition of CAD is crucial for managing associated thromboembolic events.
- Integrated treatment with steroids, antibiotics, and anticoagulation can lead to favorable outcomes.
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