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Traumatic Injuries in Sexual Assault Patients in the Emergency Department.

Denise McCormack1,2, Sushi Subburamu2,3, Glenda Guzman2

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Physical injuries from sexual assault are often minor, but intimate partner violence increases trauma risk. This study highlights factors associated with sexual violence injuries.

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Area of Science:

  • Forensic Medicine
  • Public Health
  • Trauma Care

Background:

  • Emergency departments (EDs) are critical for treating sexual assault survivors.
  • Injuries sustained during sexual assault vary widely in severity.
  • Understanding injury patterns and associated factors is crucial for effective care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the types of physical injuries resulting from sexual assault.
  • To identify demographic and situational factors associated with these injuries.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective chart review of sexual assault patients (≥13 years) at urban EDs (2019-2020).
  • Descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and logistic regression were used.
  • Data analyzed included patient demographics, assailant relationship, substance use, and injury types.

Main Results:

  • 157 patients included; 92.4% female, mean age 27.9 years.
  • 36.3% of patients sustained physical trauma; 28.6% had minor injuries (abrasions, lacerations).
  • Intimate partner sexual assault was linked to increased physical trauma (OR 2.6) and nonfatal strangulation (OR 4.0).

Conclusions:

  • Most sexual assault injuries are minor, affecting 36% of victims.
  • Intimate partner violence is a significant risk factor for physical trauma and strangulation.
  • Identifying associated factors aids in understanding and addressing sexual violence.