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Related Concept Videos

Mass Spectrometers01:16

Mass Spectrometers

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This lesson details the instrumentation of a mass spectrometer—a physical instrument to perform mass spectrometry on analyte molecules and record the characteristic mass spectra. This is achieved via three chief functions:
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Chemical Ionization (CI) Mass Spectrometry01:21

Chemical Ionization (CI) Mass Spectrometry

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The molecular ion peak of a molecule in the mass spectrum provides vital information for molecular identification. However, conventional electron impact ionization can lead to the rapid dissociation of some molecular ions before they reach the detector. A milder ionization method is required to increase the lifetime of such ionized analyte molecules. Chemical ionization (CI) is a gas-phase protonation reaction useful for mass-analyzing analyte molecules that are easily protonated to yield the...
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Inductively Coupled Plasma–Mass Spectrometry (ICP–MS): Overview01:19

Inductively Coupled Plasma–Mass Spectrometry (ICP–MS): Overview

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In inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP–MS), an inductively coupled plasma (ICP) torch is used as an atomizer and ionizer. Solid samples are dissolved and volatilized before being introduced into the high-temperature argon plasma, while solution samples are nebulized and passed through the high-temperature argon plasma. Plasma dissociates the analytes and ionizes their component atoms to form a mixture of positive ions and molecular species. The positive ions are then...
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Mass Spectrometry: Overview01:19

Mass Spectrometry: Overview

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Mass spectrometry is an analytical technique used to determine the molecular mass and molecular formula of a compound. The basic principle of mass spectrometry is to generate ions from the analyte molecule and measure these ion abundances against their molecular mass.  One common type of ionization, known as electrospray ionization or EI, bombards the analyte molecules in the gas phase with high-energy electron beams. The electron beams displace an electron from the molecule and leave...
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Mass Analyzers: Overview01:13

Mass Analyzers: Overview

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The mass analyzer is a crucial component of the mass spectrometer. In the ionization chamber, the vaporized sample is bombarded with a high-energy electron beam to generate a radical cation and further fragment into neutral molecules, radicals, and cations. A series of negatively charged accelerator plates accelerate the cations into the mass analyzer. The mass analyzer separates ions according to their mass-to-charge (m/z) ratios and then directs them to the detector. The common types of mass...
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Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS): Interferences01:20

Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS): Interferences

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Inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP–MS) is a highly selective and sensitive technique for accurate elemental analysis. Though the analysis of ICP–MS mass spectra is comparatively straightforward, it is affected by spectroscopic and non-spectroscopic interferences. Spectroscopic interferences arise when the plasma contains ionic species with an m/z value the same as the analyte ion. Spectroscopic interference can be categorized as isobaric, polyatomic ions, and...
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Visualization of Ambient Mass Spectrometry with the Use of Schlieren Photography
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Ambient Ionization Mass Spectrometry: Application and Prospective.

Lulu Shi1,2, Ahsan Habib2,3,4, Lei Bi2,3

  • 1Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.

Critical Reviews in Analytical Chemistry
|October 7, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ambient ionization mass spectrometry (AIMS) offers rapid, real-time analysis of diverse compounds without sample preparation. This versatile technique is advancing fields from diagnostics to environmental monitoring.

Keywords:
Ambient mass spectrometryhigh throughput analysis

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Spectroscopy

Background:

  • Mass spectrometry (MS) is crucial for analyzing molecular weights and structures.
  • Ambient ionization mass spectrometry (AIMS) has rapidly evolved over the past decade.
  • AIMS enables real-time analysis without sample preparation in open environments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the advancements and applications of ambient ionization mass spectrometry.
  • To highlight the impact of AIMS across various scientific domains.

Main Methods:

  • Development of novel ambient ionization techniques (e.g., probe electrospray ionization, paper spray ionization, fiber spray ionization).
  • Integration of AIMS platforms with mass spectrometry systems.
  • Application of AIMS for analyzing explosives, drugs, disease diagnostics, food adulterants, and environmental samples.

Main Results:

  • AIMS provides sensitive detection (femtogram to attogram levels) at low solution volumes (picolitre to femtolitre).
  • Techniques like PESI offer non-invasive analysis of biological samples.
  • AIMS demonstrates broad applicability in quality control, biological imaging, and diagnostics.

Conclusions:

  • AIMS has emerged as a pioneering MS-based approach.
  • Continuous development and improvement of AIMS methods are expected.
  • AIMS significantly enhances real-time analytical capabilities across diverse fields.