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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 26, 2025

Real-time Imaging of Single Engineered RNA Transcripts in Living Cells Using Ratiometric Bimolecular Beacons
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Research progress of live-cell RNA imaging techniques.

Pingping Sun1,2, Wei Zou1,2

  • 11. The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu 322000, Zhejiang Province, China.

Zhejiang Da Xue Xue Bao. Yi Xue Ban = Journal of Zhejiang University. Medical Sciences
|October 8, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Live-cell RNA imaging tracks dynamic RNA processes for gene expression insights. Various tagging systems exist, each with strengths and limitations for visualizing RNA in real-time within cells.

Keywords:
Gene expressionLive-cell RNA imagingMessage RNANon-coding RNA; ReviewTranscriptional regulation

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • RNA molecules are crucial for numerous physiological and pathological processes.
  • Understanding RNA dynamics in living cells is key to deciphering gene expression and regulation.
  • Current RNA imaging techniques face challenges in efficiency, specificity, and potential RNA modification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of live-cell RNA imaging techniques.
  • To highlight the strengths and limitations of various RNA tagging systems.
  • To emphasize the importance of RNA imaging in understanding gene expression and disease.

Main Methods:

  • Review of genetically encoded RNA-tagging systems (e.g., MS2/MCP, CRISPR-dCas13).
  • Analysis of fluorescent dye-based RNA-tagging systems (e.g., molecular beacons, aptamers).
  • Comparison of system characteristics including binding stability, signal-to-noise ratio, and need for gene editing.

Main Results:

  • The MS2/MCP system offers stable binding and high signal-to-noise but requires target RNA gene editing.
  • CRISPR-dCas13 systems avoid RNA modification but have variable efficiency and lower signal-to-noise.
  • Mango and Peppers aptamers show high signal-to-noise but also necessitate gene editing.

Conclusions:

  • Live-cell RNA imaging is vital for visualizing RNA activities like transcription, splicing, and transport.
  • Advancements in RNA imaging aid in studying cell differentiation, environmental adaptation, and disease mechanisms.
  • Identifying optimal RNA imaging techniques is crucial for discovering therapeutic targets for RNA-related disorders.