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Evaluating syntactic comprehension during awake intraoperative cortical stimulation mapping.

Marco Riva1,2,3, Stephen M Wilson4, Ruofan Cai5,6

  • 11Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan.

Journal of Neurosurgery
|October 8, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Electrocortical stimulation mapping (ECS) can identify specific brain regions for language. This study found that stimulating the inferior frontal gyrus disrupts complex sentence comprehension, suggesting specialized language areas.

Keywords:
awake brain surgerycortical stimulation mappinglanguagesentencesurgical techniquesyntax

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Linguistics

Background:

  • Electrocortical stimulation mapping (ECS) is a common method for identifying critical brain areas for language function.
  • However, ECS has rarely been used to investigate sentence-level language processing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of specific brain regions in sentence-level language comprehension using ECS.
  • To determine if sentence complexity influences the identification of language areas via ECS.

Main Methods:

  • Six subjects undergoing awake surgery in the dominant left hemisphere participated.
  • Subjects comprehended sentences with varying syntactic demands during ECS.

Main Results:

  • Stimulation of the inferior frontal gyrus, particularly the pars opercularis in some cases, disrupted comprehension of complex passive sentences.
  • This disruption occurred without affecting comprehension of simpler sentence structures.
  • Other perisylvian sites also affected sentence comprehension, but with greater variability.

Conclusions:

  • Specific language regions may differentially contribute to sentence processing.
  • Sentence-level tasks are crucial for accurately identifying these specialized language areas using ECS.
  • Further research is needed to understand the functional impact of resecting these identified sites.