Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Overview of the Skull01:08

Overview of the Skull

5.0K
The cranium (skull) is the skeletal structure of the head that supports the face and protects the brain. It is subdivided into the facial bones and the brain case, or cranial vault. The facial bones underlie the facial structures, form the nasal cavity, enclose the eyeballs, and support the teeth of the upper and lower jaws.
The cranial vault surrounds and protects the brain and houses the middle and inner ear structures. This cavity is bounded superiorly by the rounded top of the skull, which...
5.0K
Cranial Bones: Lateral View01:27

Cranial Bones: Lateral View

2.5K
The lateral view of the cranium is dominated by temporal, sphenoid, and ethmoid bones.
The temporal bone forms the lower lateral side of the skull. The temporal bone is subdivided into several regions. The flattened upper portion is the squamous portion of the temporal bone. Below this area and projecting anteriorly is the zygomatic process of the temporal bone, which forms the posterior portion of the zygomatic arch. Posteriorly is the mastoid portion of the temporal bone. Projecting...
2.5K
Cranial Bones: Superior and Posterior View01:14

Cranial Bones: Superior and Posterior View

2.6K
The superior view of the cranium shows the frontal and paired parietal bones.
The frontal bone is the single bone that forms the forehead. At its anterior midline, between the eyebrows, there is a slight depression called the glabella. The frontal bone also forms the supraorbital margin of the orbit. Near the middle of this margin is the supraorbital foramen, the opening that provides passage for a sensory nerve to the forehead. The frontal bone is thickened just above each supraorbital margin,...
2.6K
Obesity01:24

Obesity

585
The Body Mass Index (BMI) is a numerical value derived from a person's weight and height, used to categorize individuals into weight ranges. It is calculated using the formula: weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Obesity is a health condition characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue that poses health risks, often diagnosed with a BMI ≥ 30. This excess fat storage occurs when surplus dietary calories are converted into triglycerides and stored in...
585
Sutures of the Skull01:22

Sutures of the Skull

7.3K
The human skull is composed of several bones that come together to protect the brain and support the structures of the face. The junctions where these bones meet are called sutures.
Sutures are immobile joints between adjacent bones of the skull. The narrow gap between the bones is filled with dense, fibrous connective tissue that unites the bones. The long sutures located between the skull bones are not straight but instead follow irregular, tightly twisting paths. These twisting lines tightly...
7.3K
Assessment of Airway, Skin Color, and Use of Accessory Muscles01:30

Assessment of Airway, Skin Color, and Use of Accessory Muscles

1.1K
A thorough assessment of respiratory health is paramount in clinical settings to identify and manage respiratory distress and ensure adequate oxygenation. This article elaborates on the critical aspects of respiratory evaluation, including airway assessment, skin color examination, and the observation of accessory muscle use, which are integral to effectively diagnosing and managing patients with respiratory conditions.
Introduction
The initial evaluation of a patient's respiratory system...
1.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Expression and Role of Colony Stimulating Factor 1 Receptor During Odontogenesis.

Journal of developmental biology·2026
Same author

Does three-dimensional facial morphology relate to risk of sleep-disordered breathing in children? A cross-sectional study.

Science progress·2026
Same author

Segmentation of the upper airway using deep learning - nnUNet.

Journal of dentistry·2026
Same author

The relationship between clinical severity of obstructive sleep apnea based on polysomnography and drug-induced sleep endoscopy with 3D, 2D, linear, and angular anatomical parameters of upper airway and craniofacial area in CBCTs of individuals with moderate or severe apnea: a cross-sectional study.

Clinical oral investigations·2026
Same author

Comparative study of fetal facial shape between Japanese and North American populations using micro-CT.

Scientific reports·2025
Same author

Morphological relationship between the cranial base and facial anomalies in humans: Challenges and future perspectives.

Congenital anomalies·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 26, 2025

Analysis of Craniomaxillofacial Malformations in Mice Using Three-dimensional Microcomputed Tomography
02:42

Analysis of Craniomaxillofacial Malformations in Mice Using Three-dimensional Microcomputed Tomography

Published on: January 17, 2025

448

Craniofacial form differences between obese and nonobese children.

Siddharth R Vora1, Samuel Tam1, Motoki Katsube2

  • 1Oral Health Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.

American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics : Official Publication of the American Association of Orthodontists, Its Constituent Societies, and the American Board of Orthodontics
|October 10, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Obese children and adolescents exhibit distinct craniofacial forms compared to non-obese peers. These subtle skeletal differences, particularly in mandibular prognathism and brachycephaly, suggest a link between obesity and craniofacial development.

More Related Videos

Assessment of Child Anthropometry in a Large Epidemiologic Study
09:36

Assessment of Child Anthropometry in a Large Epidemiologic Study

Published on: February 2, 2017

27.2K
Quantification of Orofacial Phenotypes in Xenopus
09:26

Quantification of Orofacial Phenotypes in Xenopus

Published on: November 6, 2014

9.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 26, 2025

Analysis of Craniomaxillofacial Malformations in Mice Using Three-dimensional Microcomputed Tomography
02:42

Analysis of Craniomaxillofacial Malformations in Mice Using Three-dimensional Microcomputed Tomography

Published on: January 17, 2025

448
Assessment of Child Anthropometry in a Large Epidemiologic Study
09:36

Assessment of Child Anthropometry in a Large Epidemiologic Study

Published on: February 2, 2017

27.2K
Quantification of Orofacial Phenotypes in Xenopus
09:26

Quantification of Orofacial Phenotypes in Xenopus

Published on: November 6, 2014

9.8K

Area of Science:

  • Orthodontics
  • Pediatric Dentistry
  • Craniofacial Biology

Background:

  • Obesity is increasingly recognized as a factor influencing craniofacial morphology in pediatric populations.
  • Existing evidence suggests a correlation between childhood obesity and variations in craniofacial structure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate and compare the craniofacial form of obese versus non-obese pre-orthodontic patients.
  • To utilize 2D cephalometric data and advanced morphometric analyses to identify differences.

Main Methods:

  • Collected lateral cephalometric radiographs from 7-16 year old pre-orthodontic patients.
  • Matched 24 obese patients with non-obese controls based on age, sex, and malocclusion.
  • Employed cephalometric and geometric morphometric analyses to assess craniofacial variations.

Main Results:

  • Cephalometric analysis showed marginally larger maxillary length and gonial angle in obese subjects.
  • Geometric morphometrics revealed statistically significant differences in overall craniofacial form.
  • Obese patients displayed tendencies towards mandibular prognathism and brachycephaly.

Conclusions:

  • A subtle yet significant difference in cranial skeletal morphology exists between obese and non-obese children and adolescents.
  • This finding supports a correlation between craniofacial form and metabolic/physiological phenotypes.
  • Incorporating body mass index into orthodontic records may aid in craniofacial assessment.