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Updated: Aug 26, 2025

Point of Care Transcranial Color-Coded Duplex Ultrasound of the Middle Cerebral Artery
Published on: August 9, 2024
Transcranial Doppler ultrasound: Clinical applications from neurological to cardiological setting
Antonello D'Andrea1, Dario Fabiani2, Luigi Cante2
1Cardiology Unit, Umberto I Hospital, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Nocera Inferiore, Italy.
Abstract:
Transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasonography is a rapid, noninvasive, real-time, and low-cost imaging technique. It is performed with a low-frequency (2 MHz) probe in order to evaluate the cerebral blood flow (CBF) and its pathological alterations, through specific acoustic windows. In the recent years, TCD use has been expanded across many clinical settings. Actually, the most widespread indication for TCD exam is represented by the diagnosis of paradoxical embolism, due to patent foramen ovale, in young patients with cryptogenic stroke. In addition, TCD has also found useful applications in neurological care setting, including the following: cerebral vasospasm following acute subarachnoid hemorrhage, brain trauma, cerebrovascular atherosclerosis, and evaluation of CBF and cerebral autoregulation after an ischemic stroke event. The present review aimed to describe the most recent evidences of TCD utilization from neurological to cardiological setting.
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