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The key clinical manifestations of Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) include several distinct cardiac symptoms.Carditis, a hallmark of acute rheumatic fever, involves inflammation of the heart's endocardium, myocardium, and pericardium. Chronic RHD often results from recurrent episodes of carditis. Its symptoms include the following:Murmurs are caused by valvular damage, especially to the mitral and aortic valves. Mitral stenosis or regurgitation is common, with characteristic heart murmurs...
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Rheum-CoV-2 Vaccination Case Series.

Seth J VanDerVeer1, Kyle D Maier, Erica M Hill

  • 1From the Department of Rheumatology, Brooke Army Medical Center, San Antonio, TX.

Journal of Clinical Rheumatology : Practical Reports on Rheumatic & Musculoskeletal Diseases
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This case series reports five instances of autoimmune rheumatic disease appearing after COVID-19 vaccination. Further research is needed to determine a definitive link between mRNA vaccines and rheumatic disease onset.

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Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Immunology
  • Vaccinology

Background:

  • The widespread rollout of mRNA vaccines for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been crucial in global pandemic control.
  • Understanding potential adverse events, including autoimmune manifestations, is essential for comprehensive vaccine safety monitoring.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a series of cases detailing the onset of autoimmune rheumatic diseases following mRNA COVID-19 vaccination.
  • To investigate potential associations between COVID-19 vaccination and new-onset rheumatic conditions.

Main Methods:

  • A case series methodology was employed, reviewing electronic medical records of five patients from Brooke Army Medical Center.
  • Patients developed new rheumatic disease manifestations after receiving the second dose of either Pfizer-BioNTech or Moderna COVID-19 vaccines.
  • Clinical data included patient demographics, vaccination history, and rheumatologic evaluation findings.

Main Results:

  • Five elderly patients (four women, one man) developed new autoimmune rheumatic diseases post-vaccination.
  • Presentations included symmetric polyarthritis (wrist, hand, lower extremity), shoulder/hip stiffness, and arthralgias.
  • Some cases exhibited seropositivity for rheumatoid factor and elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, with one responding to glucocorticoids.

Conclusions:

  • The presented cases suggest a temporal association between mRNA COVID-19 vaccination and the onset of autoimmune rheumatic diseases.
  • A definitive causal or contributory relationship requires further investigation and research.
  • Continued surveillance is necessary to fully elucidate the potential impact of COVID-19 vaccination on rheumatic disease development.