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Related Concept Videos

Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming01:29

Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming

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Reprogramming alters the gene expression in somatic cells, transforming them into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells over several generations. Scientists can reprogram cells by introducing genes for four transcription factors—Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (OSKM) by viral or non-viral methods. These factors are also known as Yamanaka factors after Shinya Yamanaka, who first generated iPS cells using mouse skin cells. Yamanaka was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2012...
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Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming01:24

Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming

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Nuclear reprogramming is a process of transforming one cell type into an unrelated cell type by epigenetic changes that alter the cell’s original gene expression pattern. Such epigenetic changes force cells to express a different set of genes, which play a significant role in inducing transformation into other cell types. Nuclear reprogramming offers applications in reproductive cloning for livestock propagation and regenerative medicine — developing patient-specific cells for...
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Introduction to Nuclear Reprogramming01:14

Introduction to Nuclear Reprogramming

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Nuclear reprogramming is the process of switching gene expression of one cell type to that of another cell type, usually from a differentiated cell state to an undifferentiated cell state. Differentiation occurs during processes such as development and morphogenesis, tissue regeneration, and malignancy. Cells can also be artificially induced to reprogram their gene expression by techniques such as nuclear transfer, induced pluripotency, and cell fusion. Such techniques have many applications in...
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Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:06

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different cell types. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are terminally differentiated; however, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they dedifferentiate and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).
Somatic...
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iPS Cell Differentiation01:22

iPS Cell Differentiation

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The ability of induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs to differentiate into most body cell types has stimulated repair and regenerative medicine research over the past few decades. iPSC-derived blood cells, hepatocytes, beta islet cells, cardiomyocytes, neurons, and other cell types can repair injuries or regenerate damaged tissue in diseases such as diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Lineage Commitment01:21

Lineage Commitment

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Commitment is the  process whereby stem cells:
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Kinetic Measurement and Real Time Visualization of Somatic Reprogramming
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Past, Present, and Future of Direct Cell Reprogramming.

Henrik Ahlenius1

  • 1Stem Cells, Aging and Neurodegeneration, Division of Neurology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.

Cellular Reprogramming
|October 11, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Direct cell reprogramming converts somatic cells to new identities without pluripotency. This innovative field holds promise for disease modeling, regenerative medicine, and immunotherapy by harnessing cellular plasticity.

Keywords:
cellular plasticitydirect conversiondirect reprogramminginduced pluripotent stem cellsregenerative medicinetransdifferentiation

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Area of Science:

  • Cellular reprogramming as a distinct discipline.
  • Stem cell research and developmental biology foundations.

Background:

  • Direct cell reprogramming bypasses pluripotent intermediates.
  • Focuses on cell fate conversion of somatic cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Explore mechanistic dissection of lineage commitment.
  • Highlight potential applications in various medical fields.

Main Methods:

  • Not explicitly detailed in the abstract, but implies experimental manipulation of cell fate.

Main Results:

  • Cellular reprogramming is an established field.
  • Offers opportunities for mechanistic studies.

Conclusions:

  • Direct cell reprogramming has broad applications.
  • Potential in disease modeling, cell replacement, regenerative medicine, and immunotherapy.
  • Drives innovation by utilizing cellular plasticity.