[Advances in research of intestinal flora and ophthalmic diseases]

A large number of commensal bacteria settle in the intestine and play an important role in maintaining normal functions of the intestine, regulating host immunity and metabolism. In recent years, researches have found that intestinal flora can be involved in the occurrence and deterioration of various extraintestinal diseases. Ophthalmic diseases such as uveitis, age-related macular degeneration, and glaucoma are also affected by the intestinal flora. The intestinal flora and its metabolites, under different circumstances, can change the body's immune homeostasis or regulate multiple metabolic pathways, induce autoimmune responses in the eyes and promote chronic inflammation. This article reviews the relationship between intestinal flora and ophthalmic diseases to provide new research ideas for the pathogenesis and intervention of various ophthalmic diseases.