[Advances on optic disc morphological features and peripapillary structure changes in high myopia].

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Medical Research

Background:

• High myopia is a significant global cause of low vision and blindness.
• It is characterized by axial length elongation and degenerative changes in the fundus posterior pole.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review optic disc morphological features in high myopia.
• To examine peripapillary structure changes associated with high myopia.
• To elucidate the pathogenesis of high myopia and inform prevention/treatment strategies.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of studies on high myopia.
• Analysis of optic disc morphology.
• Assessment of peripapillary structure alterations.

Main Results:

• High myopia presents with optic disc tilt, altered optic cup and rim.
• Degenerative changes include chorioretinal atrophy, posterior staphyloma, and intrachoroidal cavitation.
• These changes are linked to prolonged axial length.

Conclusions:

• Optic disc and peripapillary changes are key features of high myopia.
• Understanding these morphological alterations is crucial for advancing prevention and treatment.
• Further research into pathogenesis may yield novel therapeutic approaches.