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Single beam Cs-Ne SERF atomic magnetometer with the laser power differential method.

Yao Chen, Libo Zhao, Ning Zhang

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    We developed a compact, single-beam atomic magnetometer using cesium and neon gas, achieving high sensitivity. This novel design minimizes noise and power consumption for advanced magnetic field detection.

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    Area of Science:

    • Atomic physics
    • Quantum sensing
    • Microfabrication

    Background:

    • Miniature atomic magnetometers face challenges with wall relaxation due to small vapor cell sizes.
    • Laser amplitude noise and background detection offset are significant noise sources in single-beam SERF magnetometers.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a simple, compact, single-beam spin exchange relaxation free (SERF) magnetometer compatible with micro-machining.
    • To investigate the use of Neon (Ne) buffer gas for reducing wall relaxation.
    • To improve noise suppression and reduce power consumption in Cs-based atomic magnetometers.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized silicon-glass bonding micro-machining for magnetometer fabrication.
    • Employed a Cs-Ne vapor cell with 3 Amagat Ne buffer gas.
    • Developed a laser power differential method for noise reduction.
    • Optimized the magnetometer design for enhanced sensitivity and reduced power consumption.

    Main Results:

    • Demonstrated that Ne buffer gas is more effective than N2 or He for reducing wall relaxation.
    • Achieved approximately a twofold improvement in laser power noise suppression.
    • Attained a sensitivity of 23 fT/Hz^1/2 @ 100 Hz.
    • Successfully demonstrated the first single-beam Cs-based SERF magnetometer using Ne buffer gas.

    Conclusions:

    • Neon buffer gas is highly effective in mitigating wall relaxation in miniature atomic magnetometers.
    • The developed laser power differential method significantly suppresses noise sources.
    • The optimized Cs-based SERF magnetometer offers high sensitivity and low power consumption, paving the way for practical applications.