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Related Concept Videos

Confirmation Biases01:31

Confirmation Biases

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The confirmation bias is the tendency to focus on information that confirms our existing beliefs and ignore information that is inconsistent with our expectations. For example, if you think that your professor is not very nice, you notice all of the instances of rude behavior exhibited by the professor while ignoring the countless pleasant interactions he is involved in on a daily basis. Have you ever fallen prey to the confirmation bias, either as the source or target of such bias?
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Bias01:22

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Bias refers to any tendency that prevents a question from being considered unprejudiced. In research, bias occurs when one outcome or answer is selected or encouraged over others in sampling or testing. Bias can occur during any research phase, including study design, data collection, analysis, and publication.
In statistics, a sampling bias is created when a sample is collected from a population, and some members of the population are not as likely to be chosen as others (remember, each member...
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Stereotype Threat and Self-fulfilling Prophecies02:09

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When we hold a stereotype about a person, we have expectations that he or she will fulfill that stereotype. A self-fulfilling prophecy is an expectation held by a person that alters his or her behavior in a way that tends to make it true. When we hold stereotypes about a person, we tend to treat the person according to our expectations. This treatment can influence the person to act according to our stereotypic expectations, thus confirming our stereotypic beliefs. Research by Rosenthal and...
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Bias in Epidemiological Studies01:29

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Biases can arise at various stages of research, from study design and data collection to analysis and interpretation. Recognizing and addressing these biases is essential to ensure the validity and reliability of epidemiological findings.Broadly speaking, biases in epidemiology fall into three main categories: selection bias, information bias, and confounding. A more detailed description of possible biases is:  
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Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination02:55

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Humans are very diverse and although we share many similarities, we also have many differences. The social groups we belong to help form our identities (Tajfel, 1974). These differences may be difficult for some people to reconcile, which may lead to prejudice toward people who are different. Prejudice is a negative attitude and feeling toward an individual based solely on one’s membership in a particular social group (Allport, 1954; Brown, 2010). Prejudice is common against people who...
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Blind Procedures02:07

Blind Procedures

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Ideally, the people who observe and record the children’s behavior are unaware of who was assigned to the experimental or control group, in order to control for experimenter bias. Experimenter bias refers to the possibility that a researcher’s expectations might skew the results of the study. Remember, conducting an experiment requires a lot of planning, and the people involved in the research project have a vested interest in supporting their hypotheses. If the observers knew which...
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Best Practices for Reducing Bias in the Interview Process.

Ilana Bergelson1, Chad Tracy2, Elizabeth Takacs2

  • 1Department of Urology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, USA. ilana-bergelson@uiowa.edu.

Current Urology Reports
|October 12, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Structured interviews and blinding reduce bias in residency selection. These methods improve diversity and identify successful residents, unlike traditional interviews.

Keywords:
Blinded interviewersMedical studentResident selectionStructured interviewsUrology

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Education
  • Residency Selection
  • Interview Best Practices

Background:

  • Objective measures of residency applicants do not reliably predict success.
  • Standardized interview techniques are common in business but not uniformly adopted in residency programs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate structured and blinded interview practices.
  • To assess their impact on residency interview formats and resident selection.

Main Methods:

  • Review of literature on structured interviews with standardized, anchored questions.
  • Analysis of blinded interviews and multi-interviewer formats (e.g., Multiple Mini-Interview).
  • Examination of bias reduction and diversity enhancement in virtual and in-person formats.

Main Results:

  • Structured interviews with scoring rubrics and training improve interrater agreement and reduce bias.
  • Blinded interviews further mitigate biases like halo, horn, and affinity.
  • Multi-interviewer formats enhance program diversity.
  • Structured formats are adaptable to virtual interviews.

Conclusions:

  • Structured and blinded interviews are effective in reducing bias.
  • These methods enhance diversity and aid in recruiting successful residents.
  • Further research is needed to measure the extent of adoption in residency programs.